oracle ±Ê¼Ç III Ö®´æ´¢¹ý³ÌÓ뺯Êý
DML(Manipulation):Êý¾Ý²Ù×÷ÓïÑÔ
CRUD
DDL(Definition): Êý¾Ý¶¨ÒåÓïÑÔ,Óë±í£¬Ë÷Òý£¬Í¬Òå´ÊÓйØ
create,alter,drop,rename,truncate(Çå¿Õ)
DCL(Control): Êý¾Ý¿ØÖÆÓïÑÔ£¬ÓëȨÏÞÓйØ
grant,revoke
TCL(Transaction Control): ÊÂÎñ¿ØÖÆÓïÑÔ,ÓëÊÂÎñÓйØ
commit,rollback,savepoint
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дһ¸öÀý×Ó£ºÐ´Ò»¸öº¯ÊýÍê³ÉÈçϹ¦ÄÜ£¬ÊäÈëÁ½¸ödepartment_id,dept_1,dept_2,·µ»ØËûÃÇÆ½¾ù¹¤×ʽϸߵÄÄǸö²¿ÃÅÖÐ manager µÄsalary
º¯Êý°æ:
create or replace function get_mgr(
dept_id_1 employess.department_id%type,
dept_id_2 employees.department_id%type,
)
return number
is
max_sal_1 employees.salary%type;
max_sal_2 employees.salary%type;
dept_id employees.department_id%type;
mgr_id employees.manager_id%type;
sal employees.salary%type;
begin
select max(salary) into max_sal_1 from employees
where department_id = dept_id_1;
select max(salary) into max_sal_2 from employees
where department_id = dept_id_2;
if max_sal_1 > max_sal_2 then
dept_id := dept_id_1;
else
dept_id := dept_id_2;
end if;
select manager_id into mgr_id from departments where department_id = dept_id;
select salary into sal from employees where employee_id = mgr_id;
return sal;
end;
sql°æ:
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select max(avg_sal)
from (select avg(salary) avg_sal from emplo
Ïà¹ØÎĵµ£º
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oracle trunc()º¯ÊýµÄÓ÷¨
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