Oracle密码文件的作用和说明

在数据库未启动之前登陆从而启动数据库如果没有口令文件，在数据库未启动之前就只能通过操作系统认证.使用Rman，很多时候需要在nomount,mount等状态对数据库进行处理。所以通常要求sysdba权限如果属于本地DBA组，可以通过操作系统认证登陆如果是远程sysdba登陆，需要通过passwordfile认证。
1.remote_login_passwordfile = NONE
此时停用口令文件验证，Oracle数据库不允许远程SYSDBA/SYSOPER身份登录无法通过远程进行数据库起停等操作管理local:
[oracle@jumper oracle]$ sqlplus "/ as sysdba"
SQL*Plus: Release 9.2.0.3.0 - Production on Thu Apr 15 09:58:45 2004
Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle9i Enterprise Edition Release 9.2.0.3.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Oracle Data Mining options
JServer Release 9.2.0.3.0 - Production
SQL> alter user sys identified by oracle;
User altered.
SQL> show parameter pass
NAME                      TYPE   VALUE
--------------------- ----------- ------------------------------
remote_login_passwordfile string NONE     
remote:
E:\Oracle\ora92\bin>sqlplus /nologSQL*Plus: Release 9.2.0.4.0 -
Production on 星期四 4月 15 09:39:22 2004Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle
Corporation. All rights reserved.SQL> connect sys/oracle@hsjf as
sysdbaERROR:ORA-01017: invalid username/password; logon denied
此处实际上是无法通过口令文件验证
2.remote_login_passwordfile = exclusive
SQL> alter system set remote_login_passwordfile=exclusive scope=spfile;
System altered.
SQL> startup force;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 131142648 bytes
Fixed Size 451576 bytes
Variable Size 104857600 bytes
Database Buffers 25165824 bytes
Redo Buffers 667648 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> show parameter pass
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
remote_login_passwordfile string EXCLUSIVE
SQL