OracleµÄschema,user
ÎÒÃÇÏÈÀ´¿´Ò»ÏÂËûÃǵ͍Ò壺
A schema is a collection of database objects (used by a user.).
Schema objects are the logical structures that directly refer to the database’s data.
A user is a name defined in the database that can connect to and access objects.
Schemas and users help database administrators manage database security.
´Ó ¶¨ÒåÖÐÎÒÃÇ¿ÉÒÔ¿´³öschemaΪÊý¾Ý¿â¶ÔÏóµÄ¼¯ºÏ£¬ÎªÁËÇø·Ö¸÷¸ö¼¯ºÏ£¬ÎÒÃÇÐèÒª¸øÕâ¸ö¼¯ºÏÆð¸öÃû×Ö£¬ÕâЩÃû×Ö¾ÍÊÇÎÒÃÇÔÚÆóÒµ¹ÜÀíÆ÷µÄ·½°¸Ï¿´µ½µÄÐí¶àÀà ËÆÓû§ÃûµÄ½Úµã£¬ÕâЩÀàËÆÓû§ÃûµÄ½ÚµãÆäʵ¾ÍÊÇÒ»¸öschema£¬schemaÀïÃæ°üº¬Á˸÷ÖÖ¶ÔÏóÈçtables, views, sequences, stored procedures, synonyms, indexes, clusters, and database links¡£
Ò»¸öÓû§Ò»°ã¶ÔÓ¦Ò»¸öschema,¸ÃÓû§µÄschemaÃûµÈÓÚÓû§Ãû£¬²¢×÷Ϊ¸ÃÓû§È±Ê¡schema¡£ÕâÒ²¾ÍÊÇÎÒÃÇÔÚÆóÒµ ¹ÜÀíÆ÷µÄ·½°¸Ï¿´µ½schemaÃû¶¼ÎªÊý¾Ý¿âÓû§ÃûµÄÔÒò¡£OracleÊý¾Ý¿âÖв»ÄÜд´½¨Ò»¸öschema£¬ÒªÏë´´½¨Ò»¸öschema£¬Ö»ÄÜͨ¹ý´´½¨Ò» ¸öÓû§µÄ·½·¨½â¾ö(OracleÖÐËäÈ»ÓÐcreate schemaÓï¾ä£¬µ«ÊÇËü²¢²»ÊÇÓÃÀ´´´½¨Ò»¸öschemaµÄ)£¬ÔÚ´´½¨Ò»¸öÓû§µÄͬʱΪÕâ¸öÓû§´´½¨Ò»¸öÓëÓû§ÃûͬÃûµÄschem²¢×÷Ϊ¸ÃÓû§µÄȱʡ shcema¡£¼´schemaµÄ¸öÊýͬuserµÄ¸öÊýÏàͬ£¬¶øÇÒschemaÃû×ÖͬuserÃû×ÖÒ»Ò» ¶ÔÓ¦²¢ÇÒÏàͬ£¬ËùÓÐÎÒÃÇ¿ÉÒÔ³ÆschemaΪuserµÄ±ðÃû£¬ËäÈ»ÕâÑù˵²¢²»×¼È·£¬µ«ÊǸüÈÝÒ×Àí½âһЩ¡£
Ò»¸öÓû§ÓÐÒ»¸öȱʡµÄ schema£¬ÆäschemaÃû¾ÍµÈÓÚÓû§Ãû£¬µ±È»Ò»¸öÓû§»¹¿ÉÒÔʹÓÃÆäËûµÄschema¡£Èç¹ûÎÒÃÇ·ÃÎÊÒ»¸ö±íʱ£¬Ã»ÓÐÖ¸Ã÷¸Ã±íÊôÓÚÄÄÒ»¸öschemaÖÐ µÄ£¬ÏµÍ³¾Í»á×Ô¶¯¸øÎÒÃÇÔÚ±íÉϼÓÉÏȱʡµÄshemanÃû¡£±ÈÈçÎÒÃÇÔÚ·ÃÎÊÊý¾Ý¿âʱ£¬·ÃÎÊscottÓû§ÏµÄemp±í£¬Í¨¹ýselect * from emp; Æäʵ£¬ÕâsqlÓï¾äµÄÍêÕûд·¨Îªselect * from scott.emp¡£ÔÚÊý¾Ý¿âÖÐÒ»¸ö¶ÔÏóµÄÍêÕûÃû³ÆÎªschema.object£¬¶ø²»Êôuser.object¡£ÀàËÆÈç¹ûÎÒÃÇÔÚ´´½¨¶ÔÏóʱ²»Ö¸¶¨¸Ã¶ÔÏó µÄschema£¬ÔڸöÔÏóµÄschemaΪÓû§µÄȱʡschema¡£Õâ¾ÍÏñÒ»¸öÓû§ÓÐÒ»¸öȱʡµÄ±í¿Õ¼ä£¬µ«ÊǸÃÓû§»¹¿ÉÒÔʹÓÃÆäËûµÄ±í¿Õ¼ä£¬Èç¹ûÎÒÃÇÔÚ´´ ½¨¶ÔÏóʱ²»Ö¸¶¨±í¿Õ¼ä£¬Ôò¶ÔÏó´æ´¢ÔÚȱʡ±í¿Õ¼äÖУ¬ÒªÏëÈöÔÏó´æ´¢ÔÚÆäËû±í¿Õ¼äÖУ¬ÎÒÃÇÐèÒªÔÚ´´½¨¶ÔÏóʱָ¶¨¸Ã¶ÔÏóµÄ±í¿Õ¼ä¡£
oracleÖеÄschema¾ÍÊÇÖ¸Ò»¸öÓû§ÏÂËùÓжÔÏóµÄ¼¯ºÏ£¬schema±¾Éí²»ÄÜÀí½â³ÉÒ»¸ö¶ÔÏó£¬oracle²¢Ã»ÓÐÌṩ´´½¨schemaµÄÓï·¨£¬schemaÎÒ×Ô¼ºÀí½âÒ²²¢²»ÊÇÔ
Ïà¹ØÎĵµ£º
oracle±í¿Õ¼ä²Ù×÷Ïê½â
1
2
3×÷Õߣº À´Ô´£º ¸üÐÂÈÕÆÚ£º2006-01-04
5
6
7½¨Á¢±í¿Õ¼ä
8
9CREATE TABLESPACE data01
10DATAFILE '/ora ......
OracleÊý¾Ý¿â×Ô¶¯Ôö³¤ÁеÄʵÏÖ¹ý³Ì:
¡ô1.´´½¨ÐòÁÐ
-- Create sequence
create sequence INNERID
minvalue 1
maxvalue 99999999999999
start with 1
increment by 1
cache 20
order;
¡ô2.--INNERID.currval Ö¸µ±Ç°ÐòÁÐ
--INNERID.nextval Ö¸Ï ......
ÈçºÎ½â¾öORA-00054×ÊÔ´Õý棬ҪÇóÖ¸¶¨NOWAIT£¿
²éÔÄ´íÎó´úÂëÖ¸ÄϺóÓÐÈçÏÂÌáʾ£º
ORA-00054 resource busy and acquire with NOWAIT specified
Cause: The NOWAIT keyword forced a return to the command prompt because a resource was unavailable for a LOCK TABLE or SELECT FOR UPDATE command.
Action: Tr ......
1. ×¼±¸ÖªÊ¶£ºORACLEµÄÂß¼´æ´¢¹ÜÀí.
ORACLEÔÚÂß¼´æ´¢ÉÏ·Ö4¸öÁ£¶È:±í¿Õ¼ä,¶Î,ÇøºÍ¿é.
1.1 ¿é:ÊÇÁ£¶È×îСµÄ´æ´¢µ¥Î»,ÏÖÔÚ±ê×¼µÄ¿é´óСÊÇ8K,ORACLEÿһ´ÎI/O²Ù×÷Ò²Êǰ´¿éÀ´²Ù×÷µÄ,Ò²¾ÍÊÇ˵µ±ORACLE´ÓÊý¾ÝÎļþ¶ÁÊý¾Ýʱ,ÊǶÁÈ¡¶àÉÙ¸ö¿é,¶ø²»ÊǶàÉÙÐÐ.
1.2 Çø:ÓÉһϵÁÐÏàÁÚµÄ¿é¶ø×é³É,ÕâÒ²ÊÇORACLE¿Õ¼ä·ÖÅäµÄ»ù±¾µ¥Î»,¾Ù¸ö ......
OracleÔÚÈÕÆÚʹÓÃÉÏÔÊÐí¼«´óµÄÁé»îÐÔ¡£ÓÉÓÚ¿ÉÒÔÔÚÈÕÆÚ×ֶδ洢ʱ¼äºÍÈÕÆÚ£¬´Ó¶øÓк¯Êý¿ÉÒÔ¼ÈÒýÓÃÈÕÆÚÓÖÒýÓÃʱ¼ä¡£
Oracle ËùÌṩµÄһЩÈÕÆÚº¯ÊýÈçÏÂËùʾ¡£
1. SYSDATE
·µ»Øµ±Ç°µÄÈÕÆÚºÍʱ¼ä¡£
ʾÀý
SELECT sysdate from dual;
SYSDATE
----------
05-3ÔÂ -03
2. ADD_MONTHS(d, no_of_month)
µ±Ç°ÈÕÆÚ"m"ºóÍÆ"no_o ......