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oracle distinct
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id name
1 a
2 b
3 c
4 c
5 b
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select distinct name from table
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name
a
b
c
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select distinct name, id from table
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id name
1 a
2 b
3 c
4 c
5 b
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select id, distinct name from table
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select *, count(distinct name) from table group by name
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id name count(distinct name)
1 a 1
2 b 1
3 c 1
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