如何看懂ORACLE执行计划
如何看懂ORACLE执行计划
一、什么是执行计划
An explain plan is a representation of the access path that is taken when a query is executed within Oracle.
二、如何访问数据
At the physical level Oracle reads blocks of data. The smallest amount of data read is a single Oracle block, the largest is constrained by operating system limits (and multiblock i/o). Logically Oracle finds the data to read by using the following methods:
Full Table Scan (FTS) --全表扫描
Index Lookup (unique & non-unique) --索引扫描（唯一和非唯一）
Rowid --物理行id
三、执行计划层次关系
When looking at a plan, the rightmost (ie most inndented) uppermost operation is the first thing that is executed. --采用最右最上最先执行的原则看层次关系，在同一级如果某个动作没有子ID就最先执行
1.一个简单的例子：
SQL> select /*+parallel (e 4)*/ * from emp e;
Execution Plan
----------------------------------------------------------
0 SELECT STATEMENT Optimizer=CHOOSE (Cost=1 Card=82 Bytes=7134)
1 0 TABLE ACCESS* (FULL) OF 'EMP' (Cost=1 Card=82 Bytes=7134):Q5000
--[:Q5000]表示是并行方式
1 PARALLEL_TO_SERIAL SELECT /*+ NO_EXPAND ROWID(A1) */ A1."EMPNO"
,A1."ENAME",A1."JOB",A1."MGR",A1."HI
优化模式是CHOOSE的情况下，看Cost参数是否有值来决定采用CBO还是RBO：
SELECT STATEMENT [CHOOSE] Cost=1234 --Cost有值，采用CBO
SELECT STATEMENT [CHOOSE] --Cost为空，采用RBO(9I是如此显示的)
2.层次的父子关系的例子：
PARENT1
**FIRST CHILD
****FIRST GRANDCHILD
**SECOND CHILD
Here the same principles apply
相关文档：
1、查看ORACLE最大游标数
C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator>sqlplus "sys/admin@test151 as sysdba" （sys以dba登录test151服务）
SQL*Plus: Release 9.2.0.1.0 - Production on 星期四 11月 5 09:08:04 2009
Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights ......
1.ORACLE采用自下而上的顺序解析WHERE子句,根据这个原理,表之间的连接必须写在其他WHERE条件之前, 那些可以过滤掉最大数量记录的条件必须写在WHERE子句的末尾.
例如:
(低效)
SELECT … from EMP E WHERE SAL > 50000 AND JOB = ‘MANAGER’ AND 25 < (SELECT COUNT(*) from EMP WH ......
处理方法一 ：
检查那个表被锁
select sess.sid,sess.serial#, lo.oracle_username,lo.os_user_name,ao.object_name,lo.locked_mode
from v$locked_object lo,dba_objects ao,v$session sess
where ao.object_id = lo.object_id
and lo.session_id = sess.sid;
解锁
alter system kill session '273,45';
处理方法� ......
检测锁：
SELECT A.OWNER,
A.OBJECT_NAME,
B.XIDUSN,
B.XIDSLOT,
B.XIDSQN,
B.SESSION_ID,
B.ORACLE_USERNAME,
B.OS_USER_NAME,
B.PROCESS,
B.LOCKED_MODE,
C.MACHINE,
C.STATUS,
C.SERVER,
C.SID,
C.SERIAL#,
C.PROGRAM
from ALL_OBJECTS A,
V$LOCKED_OBJECT B,
SYS.GV_$SESSION C
WHERE ( A.OBJE ......
