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Python 3 教程二:文件,目录和路径

1 遍历文件夹和文件
import  os
import  os.path
#  os,os.path里包含大多数文件访问的函数,所以要先引入它们.
#  请按照你的实际情况修改这个路径
rootdir  =   " d:/download "
for  parent, dirnames, filenames  in  os.walk(rootdir):
     # case 1:
     for  dirname  in  dirnames:
         print  ( " parent is: "   +  parent)
         print  ( " dirname is: "   +  dirname)
     # case 2
     for  filename  in  filenames:
         print  ( " parent is: "   +  parent)
         print  ( " filename with full path : "   +  os.path.join(parent, filename))
''' 知识点:
    * os.walk返回一个三元组.其中dirnames是所有文件夹名字(不包含路径),filenames是所有文件的名字(不包含路径).parent表示父目录.
    * case1 演示了如何遍历所有目录.
    * case2 演示了如何遍历所有文件.
    * os.path.join(dirname,filename) : 将形如"/a/b/c"和"d.java"变成/a/b/c/d.java".
'''
2 分割路径和文件名
import  os.path
# 常用函数有三种:分隔路径,找出文件名.找出盘符(windows系统),找出文件的扩展名.
# 根据你机器的实际情况修改下面参数.
spath = " D:/download/repository.7z "
#  case 1:
p,f = os.path.split(spath);
print ( " dir is: " + p)
print ( " file is: " + f)
#  case 2:
drv,left = os.path.splitdrive(spath);
print ( " driver is: " + drv)
print ( " left is: " + left)
#  case 3:
f,ext = os.path.splitext(spath);
print ( " f is: " + f)
print ( " ext is: " + ext)
'''
&nb


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