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1.1.1. if
>>> x=int(raw_input("please enter an integer:"))
please enter an integer:-8
>>> if x<0:
...  print 'negative'
... elif x==0:
...  print 'zero'
... else:
...  print 'positive'
...
negative
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#!/bin/bash
#filename:ifsingle
echo "please enter the first string:"
read word1
echo "please enter the second string:"
read word2
echo "_______________"
if test $word1 = $word2 ÕâÀï×¢Òâ$word1ºÍ$word2Ö®¼äµÄµÈºÅǰºó±ØÐëÓпոñ£¬²»È»¾Í±ä³ÉÁ˸³ÖµÓï¾ä£¬³ÌÐòµÄ¹¦ÄܾÍÌåÏÖ²»³öÀ´ÁË¡£
 then
 echo " the first string is equal to the second string"
fi
echo "the program has finished"
²¢ÇÒifÓï¾ä¿ÉÒÔÎÞÏÞ²ãµÄǶÌ×ÔÚÆäËûifÓï¾äÖС£
pythonÖеÄÊÇÒ»¸öif£¬elif,elseÓï¾äʵÏÖ¶à·ÅжÏ
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#!/bin/bash
#filename:ifelif
echo "please enter the first argu:"
read str1                            z×¢ÒâÕâÀïÇв»ÒªÊ¹ÓÃ$1£¬ÒòΪ$1ÊÇÖ¸³ýÁ˳ÌÐòÃûµÄµÚÒ»¸ö²ÎÊý
echo "please enter the second argu:"
read str2
echo "please enter the third argu:"
read str3
if test $str1 = $str2 -a $str2 = $str3 test ÓÃ[ ]ÊÇtestµÄÓï·¨£¬ÐèÒªÓÃ-a±íʾÂß¼­Ó룬µ±È»test Ò²¿ÉÒÔ²»ÊµÓÃ[]
 then
 echo "the three argu are same"
 elif test $str1 = $str2
 then
  echo "the first argu is equal to the second argu"
 elif test $str2 = $str3
 then
  echo "the second argu is equal to the third argu"
 elif test $str1 = $str3
 then
  echo "the third argu is equal to the first argu"
else
echo " they are different"
fi
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