ѧϰlinux programming(1)
¡¾1. linux applications ÓÐÁ½ÖÖÐÎʽ¡¿
i£©¿ÉÖ´ÐеÄÎļþ£º ¿ÉÓɼÆËã»úÖ±½ÓÔËÐУ¬Ï൱ÓÚwindowsµÄ.exeÎļþ
ii£©Script: collections of instructions for another program. Ï൱ÓÚwindowsµÄ.bat .cmdÎļþ
¡¾2. PATH¡¿
ÔÚLinuxÖУ¬µ±ÊäÈë³ÌÐòÃû£¨ÈçFirefox£©Ê±£¬ÏµÍ³»áÔÚÃûΪPATHµÄShell±äÁ¿Ëù¸ø¶¨µÄһϵÁÐĿ¼ÖÐѰÕÒÊÇ·ñÓÐͬÃûµÄÎļþ¡£
²é¿´PATHµÄÖµ£¬ÔÚLinux£º $PATH »òÕß echo $PATH
windows£º PATH
Linux¿ÉÖ´ÐÐÎļþλÖÃ˵Ã÷£º
/bin: binaries, programs used in booting the system
/usr/bin: user binaries, standard programs available to users
/usr/local/bin: local binaries, programs specific to an installation
µ±ÒÔadministatorÉí·Ý½øÈëʱ£¬¿ÉÄÜ»áʹÓÃϵͳ¹ÜÀí³ÌÐòËùÔÚµÄPATHĿ¼£¬Èç: /sbin »ò /usr/sbin
Linux£¬like unix, ÔÚPATH±äÁ¿µÄentriesÖ®¼äÓÃcolon(:)·Ö¸ô£¬¶øwindowsºÍms-dosÓÃsemicolon (;) ·Ö¸ô¡£
Linux£ºÊ¹ÓÃforward slash (/) À´·Ö¸ôĿ¼
eg: /usr/bin/
windows: ʹÓÃbackward slash (\)À´·Ö¸ô
eg: c:\Documents and settings\user>
¡¾3. C compiler¡¿
ÔÚPOSIX-compliant system (POSIX: Portable Operating System Interface), C compiler is called c89.
in linux, c89, cc, gcc refer to the system c compiler.
¡¾4. first c program in linux¡¿
1) hello.c file content
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main()
{
printf("Hello World!\n");
}
2) compile
$gcc -o hello hello.c
gcc²ÎÊý˵Ã÷£º
-o <file>£ºÊä³öµ½file,Èôδָ¶¨-o£¬ÔòdefaultÊä³öµ½a.out
Èç¹ûÒª²é¿´ÖмäÉú³ÉÎļþ£¬¿ÉÓÃgcc²ÎÊý -save-temps
$gcc -save-temps -o hello hello.c
$ls
hello hello.c hello.i hello.o hello.s
//ÒÔÉÏÉú³ÉµÄ4¸öÎļþ˵Ã÷¼û¡¾5.±àÒëϵͳ¡¿
3) execute
$./hello
˵Ã÷£º
ÈôÖ±½ÓÓÃhello£¬¼´Ö´ÐÐ
$hello
Ôòϵͳ»áÔÚShell±äÁ¿PATHËùÁгöµÄĿ¼ÖÐsearch£¬ÈôÇ¡ºÃÓÐÒ»¸öÃûΪ
helloµÄÎļþ£¬ÔòÖ´ÐÐÖ®¡£
./£º ´ú±íµ±Ç°Ä¿Â¼¡£
¡¾5.±àÒëϵÍ
Ïà¹ØÎĵµ£º
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)ÏÂÔØ×é¼þºó°´ÕÕReadmeÎļþ°²×°µ¹ÏìӦĿ¼.ÅäÖúÃÏàÓ¦µÄodbcÊý¾ÝÔ´.
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¡¡¡¡³ÌÐòʵÏÖ:
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Win32::ODBC;
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1¡¢Éý¼¶ÏµÍ³
yum check-update
yum update
2¡¢°²×°Ò»Ð©³£ÓõŤ¾ß
yum install ntp iptraf sysstat screen subversion wget bzip2 nfs-utils vim-common
3¡¢ÉèÖÃÿÌì×Ô¶¯ºË׼ʱ¼ä
# crontab -e
0 * * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate 210.72.145.44
:wq
4¡¢°²×°Ò»Ð©¿ª·¢°ü
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