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getcwd/getwd : È¡µÃÄ¿Ç°ËùÔÚĿ¼  
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#include   
char * getcwd(char *buf,size_t size);  
buf½«»á·µ»ØĿǰ·¾¶Ãû³Æ¡£  
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#include   
char *getwd(char *buf);  
getwdÊǸöΣÏյĺ¯Êý£¬Ò»°ã¶¼»áÇ¿ÁÒ½¨Òé²»ÒªÓã¬ÒòΪÄúÎÞ·¨È·¶¨×µÄĿ¼³¤¶ÈΪ¶àÉÙ¡£PATH_MAX¶¨ÒåÁË×µÄ·¾¶³¤¶È¡£ÔÚLinuxÏÂËùÒÔÌṩÕâ¸öº¯ÊýÖ÷ÒªÊÇÒòΪ¡¸´«Í³¡¹¡£  
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//»ñȡϵͳĿ¼×î´ó³¤¶È
long pathconf(char* path, int flag);
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chdir/fchdir/chroot : ¸Ä±äÄ¿Ç°ËùÔÚĿ¼  
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#include   
int chdir(const char * pathname);  
int fchdir(int fd);  
chdir¸ù¾Ýpathname±ä¸üÄ¿Ç°µÄËùÔÚĿ¼£¬ËüÖ»¸Ä±ä¸Ã³ÌʽµÄËùÔÚĿ¼¡£  
fchdir¸ù¾ÝÒÑ¿ªÆôµÄfd(file descriptor)Ŀ¼À´±ä¸ü¡£
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    /*¸ü¸Äµ±Ç°¹¤×÷Ŀ¼µ½Éϼ¶Ä¿Â¼*/
  
if(chdir("..")==-1){
        perror("Couldn't change current working directory.\n");
        return 1;
    }
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#include   
int chroot(const char * path);  
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