linuxÀï²é¿´ËùÓÐÓû§ºÍÓû§×é
1¡¢linuxÀï²é¿´ËùÓÐÓû§
£¨1£©ÔÚÖÕ¶ËÀï.ÆäʵֻÐèÒª²é¿´ /etc/passwdÎļþ¾ÍÐÐÁË.
£¨2£©¿´µÚÈý¸ö²ÎÊý:500ÒÔÉϵÄ,¾ÍÊǺóÃæ½¨µÄÓû§ÁË.ÆäËüÔòΪϵͳµÄÓû§.
»òÕßÓÃcat /etc/passwd |cut -f 1 -d :
2¡¢Óû§¹ÜÀíÃüÁî
useradd ×¢£ºÌí¼ÓÓû§
adduser ×¢£ºÌí¼ÓÓû§
passwd ×¢£ºÎªÓû§ÉèÖÃÃÜÂë
usermod ×¢£ºÐÞ¸ÄÓû§ÃüÁ¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ýusermod À´Ð޸ĵǼÃû¡¢Óû§µÄ¼ÒĿ¼µÈµÈ£»
pwcov ×¢£ºÍ¬²½Óû§´Ó/etc/passwd µ½/etc/shadow
pwck ×¢£ºpwckÊÇУÑéÓû§ÅäÖÃÎļþ/etc/passwd ºÍ/etc/shadow ÎļþÄÚÈÝÊÇ·ñºÏ·¨»òÍêÕû£»
pwunconv ×¢£ºÊÇpwcov µÄÁ¢ÄæÏò²Ù×÷£¬ÊÇ´Ó/etc/shadowºÍ /etc/passwd ´´½¨/etc/passwd £¬È»ºó»áɾ³ý /etc/shadow Îļþ£»
finger ×¢£º²é¿´Óû§ÐÅÏ¢¹¤¾ß
id ×¢£º²é¿´Óû§µÄUID¡¢GID¼°Ëù¹éÊôµÄÓû§×é
chfn ×¢£º¸ü¸ÄÓû§ÐÅÏ¢¹¤¾ß
su ×¢£ºÓû§Çл»¹¤¾ß
sudo ×¢£ºsudo ÊÇͨ¹ýÁíÒ»¸öÓû§À´Ö´ÐÐÃüÁexecute a command as another user£©£¬su ÊÇÓÃÀ´Çл»Óû§£¬È»ºóͨ¹ýÇл»µ½µÄÓû§À´Íê³ÉÏàÓ¦µÄÈÎÎñ£¬µ«sudo ÄܺóÃæÖ±½ÓÖ´ÐÐÃüÁ±ÈÈçsudo ²»ÐèÒªroot ÃÜÂë¾Í¿ÉÒÔÖ´ÐÐroot ¸³ÓëµÄÖ´ÐÐÖ»ÓÐroot²ÅÄÜÖ´ÐÐÏàÓ¦µÄÃüÁµ«µÃͨ¹ývisudo À´±à¼/etc/sudoersÀ´ÊµÏÖ£»
visudo ×¢£ºvisodo ÊDZ༠/etc/sudoers µÄÃüÁҲ¿ÉÒÔ²»ÓÃÕâ¸öÃüÁֱ½ÓÓÃvi À´±à¼ /etc/sudoers µÄЧ¹ûÊÇÒ»ÑùµÄ£»
sudoedit ×¢£ººÍsudo ¹¦Äܲ¶à£»
3¡¢¹ÜÀíÓû§×飨group£©µÄ¹¤¾ß»òÃüÁ
groupadd ×¢£ºÌí¼ÓÓû§×飻
groupdel ×¢£ºÉ¾³ýÓû§×飻
groupmod ×¢£ºÐÞ¸ÄÓû§×éÐÅÏ¢
groups ×¢£ºÏÔʾÓû§ËùÊôµÄÓû§×é
grpck
grpconv ×¢£ºÍ¨¹ý/etc/groupºÍ/etc/gshadow µÄÎļþÄÚÈÝÀ´Í¬²½»ò´´½¨/etc/gshadow £¬Èç¹û/etc/gshadow ²»´æÔÚÔò´´½¨£»
grpunconv ×¢£ºÍ¨¹ý/etc/group ºÍ/etc/gshadow ÎļþÄÚÈÝÀ´Í¬²½»ò´´½¨/etc/group £¬È»ºóɾ³ýgshadowÎļþ
Ê×ÏÈ´´½¨Óû§×é testºÍFTPµÄÖ÷Ŀ¼
groupadd test
mkdir /tmp/test
È»ºó´´½¨Óû§
useradd -G test –d /tmp/test –M usr1
×¢£ºG£ºÓû§ËùÔÚµÄ×é d£º±íʾ´´½¨Óû§µÄ×Ô¼ºÄ¿Â¼µÄλÖøøÓèÖ¸¶¨
M£º²»½¨Á¢Ä¬ÈϵÄ×Ô¼ÒĿ¼£¬Ò²¾ÍÊÇ˵ÔÚ/homeÏÂûÓÐ×Ô¼ºµÄĿ¼
useradd –G test –d /tmp/test –M usr2
½ÓןıäÎļþ¼ÐµÄÊôÖ÷ºÍȨÏÞ
chown usr1.test /tmp/test ----Õâ±íʾ°Ñ/tmp/testµÄÊôÖ÷¶¨Îªusr1
chmod 750 /tmp/test ----7±íʾwrx 5±íʾrx 0±íʾʲôȨÏÞ¶
Ïà¹ØÎĵµ£º
1. HCI²ãÐÒé¸ÅÊö£º
HCIÌṩһÌ×ͳһµÄ·½·¨À´·ÃÎÊBluetoothµ×²ã¡£ÈçͼËùʾ£º
´ÓͼÉÏ¿ÉÒÔ¿´³ö£¬Host Controller Interface(HCI) ¾ÍÊÇÓÃÀ´¹µÍ¨HostºÍModule¡£Hostͨ³£¾ÍÊÇPC£¬ ModuleÔòÊÇÒÔ¸÷ÖÖÎïÀíÁ¬½ÓÐÎʽ£¨USB,serial,pc-cardµÈ£©Á¬½Óµ½PCÉϵÄbluetooth Dongle¡£
ÔÚHostÕâÒ»¶Ë£ºapplication,SDP,L2capµÈÐÒé ......
£¨L2CAPÐÒé¼ò½é£¬L2CAPÔÚBlueZÖеÄʵÏÖÒÔ¼°L2CAP±à³Ì½Ó¿Ú£©
Ò»£ºL2CAPÐÒé¼ò½é£º
Logical Link Control and Adaptation Protocol(L2CAP)
Âß¼Á¬½Ó¿ØÖƺÍÊÊÅäÐÒé (L2CAP) ΪÉϲãÐÒéÌá¹©ÃæÏòÁ¬½ÓºÍÎÞÁ¬½ÓµÄÊý¾Ý·þÎñ£¬²¢Ìṩ¶àÐÒ鹦ÄܺͷָîÖØ×é²Ù×÷¡£L2CAP ³äÐíÉϲãÐÒéºÍÓ¦ÓÃÈí¼þ´«ÊäºÍ½ÓÊÕ×î´ó³¤¶ÈΪ 64K µÄ L2CAP Ê ......
ÀýÒ»£º·¢ËÍSignaling Packet£º
Signaling CommandÊÇ2¸öBluetoothʵÌåÖ®¼äµÄL2CAP²ãÃüÁî´«Êä¡£ËùÒÔµÃSignaling CommandʹÓÃCID 0x0001.
¶à¸öCommand¿ÉÒÔÔÚÒ»¸öC-frame£¨control frame£©Öз¢ËÍ¡£
Èç¹ûÒªÖ±½Ó·¢ËÍSignaling Command.ÐèÒª½¨Á¢SOCK_RAWÀàÐ͵ÄL2CAPÁ¬½ÓSocket¡£ÕâÑù²ÅÓлú»á×Ô¼ºÌî³äCommand Code£¬Identi ......
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#define err(msg) perror(msg)
static void mkdirs(const char *dir)
{
char tmp[1024];
char *p;
&nbs ......
Linux ÖлñµÃ±¾»úÍø¿¨MACµØÖ·ºÜ¼òµ¥£¬ioctl()¾ÍOK¡£¿ÉÈçºÎ»ñµÃ¾ÖÓòÍøÆäËûÖ÷»úµÄMACµØÖ·ÄØ…Á´Â·²ã¹ã²¥ARPÇëÇó£¬È»ºó½ÓÊÕARPÏìÓ¦¡£ÊµÏÖ½é¸ö¹¦ÄÜÆäʵÒÑÓÐÏÖ³ÉÈý·½¿â¿ÉÓã¬Èçlibnet¡£²»¹ýÏë¼ÓÉî¶ÔÐÒéµÄÀí½âºÍLinuxÍøÂç±à³ÌAPIµÄÀí½â£¬jiayi »¹ÊǾö¶¨ÓÃLinuxµÄPF_PACKET×Ô¼ºÊµÏÖ£¬¸Ä°¡¸Ä£¬ÖÕÓڳɹ¦¡«ÒÔÏÂÊÇ´óÌå˼·
1. ......