Linux Versions and Patches
Linux version
[1] 2.6.10
2.6 version number, 10 release number
[2] 2.6.10 and 2.6.11
They can differ significantly even in core components and in fundamental algorithms
[3] 2.6.11.12
when a new kernel release appears, it is potentially unstable and buggy. To address this problem, the kernel developers may release patched versions of any kernel, which are identified by a fourth number in the version numbering scheme
Which patch to apply which Release?
[1] Stable kernel patches apply to the base kernel version.
patch-2.6.17.10 --> linux-2.6.17 = linux-2.6.17.10
patch-2.6.17.10 -/-> linux-2.6.17.9
[2] base kernel release patches only apply to the previous base kernel version.
patch-2.6.18 --> linux-2.6.17 = linux-2.6.18
patch-2.6.18 -/-> linux-2.6.17.2
[3] incremental patches upgrade from a specific release to the next release
patch-2.6.17.10-11 --> linux-2.6.17.10 = linux-2.6.17.11
An example
How to go from the 2.6.17.9 kernel release, to the 2.6.17.11 release?
Finding the incremental patches http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/incr/
patch-2.6.17.9-10 --> linux-2.6.17.9 = linux-2.6.17.10
patch-2.6.17.10-11 --> linux-2.6.17.10 = linux-2.6.17.11
Ïà¹ØÎĵµ£º
Linux ÏûÏ¢ÖØ¶¨Ïò°ì·¨
command > filename
°Ñ±ê×¼Êä³öÖØ¶¨Ïòµ½Ò»¸öÖ¸¶¨ÎļþÖÐ
command 1 > fielname
°Ñ±ê×¼Êä³öÖØ¶¨Ïòµ½Ò»¸öÖ¸¶¨ÎļþÖÐ(ͬÉÏ)
command 2 > filename
°Ñ±ê×¼´íÎóÖØ¶¨Ïòµ½Ò»¸öÎļþÖÐ
command >! filename
°Ñ±ê×¼Êä³öÖØ¶¨Ïòµ½Ò»¸ö
Ö¸¶¨
ÎļþÖУ¬ÈôÎļþ´æÔÚ£¬Ôò¸²¸Ç
command >&am ......
/*
* linux/fs/file_dev.c
*
* (C) 1991 Linus Torvalds
*/
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <asm/segment.h>
#define MIN(a,b) (((a)<(b))?(a):(b))
#defi ......
×ªÔØ£ºhttp://www.cnblogs.com/hexapodsoft/archive/2007/04/24/724902.html
I/OÖØ¶¨ÏòÏê½â¼°Ó¦ÓÃʵÀý
1¡¢ »ù±¾¸ÅÄÕâÊÇÀí½âºóÃæµÄ֪ʶµÄǰÌᣬÇëÎñ±ØÀí½â£©
a¡¢ I/OÖØ¶¨Ïòͨ³£Óë FDÓйأ¬shellµÄFDͨ³£Îª10¸ö£¬¼´ 0¡«9£»
b¡¢ ³£ÓÃFDÓÐ3¸ö£¬Îª0£¨stdin£¬±ê×¼ÊäÈ룩¡¢1£¨stdout£¬±ê×¼Êä³ö£©¡¢2£¨stderr£¬±ê×¼´íÎóÊä ......
ÔÚlinuxÉÏ£¬jprofiler¿ÉÒÔ·ÖÎöjavaµÄÈí¼þϵͳ£¬oprofile¿ÉÒÔ·ÖÎöCµÄÈí¼þϵͳ¡£
oprofile¿ÉÒÔ˵ÊÇÒ»¸ö¹¤¾ß¼¯£¬°üº¬£º
ophelp£¬
opcontrol£¬
agent libraries£¬
opreport£¬
opannotate£¬
opgprof£¬
oparchive£¬
opimport¡£
³ ......
µ±Ö´ÐÐ
ls -l
»ò
ls -al
ÃüÁîºóÏÔʾµÄ½á¹ûÖУ¬×îÇ°ÃæµÄµÚ
2
¡«
10
¸ö×Ö·ûÊÇÓÃÀ´±íʾȨÏÞ¡£µÚÒ»¸ö×Ö·ûÒ»°ãÓÃÀ´Çø·ÖÎļþºÍĿ¼£º
d
£º±íʾÊÇÒ»¸öĿ¼£¬ÊÂʵÉÏÔÚ
ext2fs
ÖУ¬Ä¿Â¼ÊÇÒ»¸öÌØÊâµÄÎļþ¡£
££º±íʾÕâÊÇÒ»¸öÆÕͨµÄÎļþ¡£
l:
±íʾ ......