linux下磁盘操作命令

查看系统的磁盘信息：
fdisk -l
[root@localhost home]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/hda: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1044 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/hda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux
/dev/hda2 14 979 7759395 83 Linux
/dev/hda3 980 1044 522112+ 82 Linux swap
Disk /dev/hdb: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes
16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4161 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/hdb1 * 1 200 100768+ 83 Linux
/dev/hdb2 201 3100 1461600 83 Linux
/dev/hdb3 3101 4161 534744 82 Linux swap
[root@localhost home]#
　
分区：
fdisk
[root@localhost home]# fdisk /dev/hdb
The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 4161.
There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
and could in certain setups cause problems with:
1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
(e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
Command (m for help): m
Command action
a toggle a bootable flag
b edit bsd disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibility flag
d delete a partition
l list known partition types
m print this menu
n add a new partition
o create a new empty DOS partition table
p print the partition table
q quit without saving changes
s create a new empty Sun disklabel
t change a partition's system id
u change display/entry units
v verify the partition table
w write table to disk and exit
x extra functionality (experts only)
Command (m for help):
　
创建文件系统：
mke2fs
交换分区格式化：
mkswap
[root@localhost home]# mkswap -v /dev/hdb3
mkswap: warning: truncating swap area to 133890kB
Setting up swapspace version 0, size = 133885 kB
 
设置标签:
e2label
Usage: e2label device [newlabel]
 
查看文件系统信息：
df
[root@localhost home]# df
Filesystem 1K-块 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点
/dev/hda2 7637400 5721608 1527824 79% /
/dev/hda1