MYSQLÖÐEXPLAINµÄ˵Ã÷
mysql> explain select count(id) from t_prehandle_zhigao_05 as zhigao where start_time > '2008-05-30';
+----+-------------+--------+-------+---------------+------------+---------+------+---------+--------------------------+
| id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | Extra |
+----+-------------+--------+-------+---------------+------------+---------+------+---------+--------------------------+
| 1 | SIMPLE | zhigao | range | start_time | start_time | 8 | NULL | 1061762 | Using where; Using index |
+----+-------------+--------+-------+---------------+------------+---------+------+---------+--------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
EXPLAINÁеĽâÊÍ£º
table£ºÏÔʾÕâÒ»ÐеÄÊý¾ÝÊǹØÓÚÄÄÕűíµÄ
type£ºÕâÊÇÖØÒªµÄÁУ¬ÏÔʾÁ¬½ÓʹÓÃÁ˺ÎÖÖÀàÐÍ¡£´Ó×îºÃµ½×î²îµÄÁ¬½ÓÀàÐÍΪconst¡¢eq_reg¡¢ref¡¢range¡¢indexheºÍALL
possible_keys£ºÏÔʾ¿ÉÄÜÓ¦ÓÃÔÚÕâÕűíÖеÄË÷Òý¡£Èç¹ûΪ¿Õ£¬Ã»ÓпÉÄܵÄË÷Òý¡£¿ÉÒÔΪÏà¹ØµÄÓò´ÓWHEREÓï¾äÖÐÑ¡ÔñÒ»¸öºÏÊʵÄÓï¾ä
key£ºÊµ¼ÊʹÓõÄË÷Òý¡£Èç¹ûΪNULL£¬ÔòûÓÐʹÓÃË÷Òý¡£ºÜÉÙµÄÇé¿öÏ£¬MYSQL»áÑ¡ÔñÓÅ»¯²»×ãµÄË÷Òý¡£ÕâÖÖÇé¿öÏ£¬¿ÉÒÔÔÚSELECTÓï¾ä
ÖÐʹÓÃUSE INDEX£¨indexname£©À´Ç¿ÖÆÊ¹ÓÃÒ»¸öË÷Òý»òÕßÓÃIGNORE INDEX£¨indexname£©À´Ç¿ÖÆMYSQLºöÂÔË÷Òý
key_len£ºÊ¹ÓõÄË÷ÒýµÄ³¤¶È¡£ÔÚ²»Ëðʧ¾«È·ÐÔµÄÇé¿öÏ£¬³¤¶ÈÔ½¶ÌÔ½ºÃ
ref£ºÏÔʾË÷ÒýµÄÄÄÒ»Áб»Ê¹ÓÃÁË£¬Èç¹û¿ÉÄܵϰ£¬ÊÇÒ»¸ö³£Êý
rows£ºMYSQLÈÏΪ±ØÐë¼ì²éµÄÓÃÀ´·µ»ØÇëÇóÊý¾ÝµÄÐÐÊý
Extra£º¹ØÓÚMYSQLÈçºÎ½âÎö²éѯµÄ¶îÍâÐÅÏ¢¡£½«ÔÚ±í4.3ÖÐÌÖÂÛ£¬µ«ÕâÀï¿ÉÒÔ¿´µ½µÄ»µµÄÀý×ÓÊÇUsing temporaryºÍUsing filesort£¬Òâ˼MYSQL¸ù±¾²»ÄÜʹÓÃË÷Òý£¬½á¹ûÊǼìË÷»áºÜÂý
extraÁзµ»ØµÄÃèÊöµÄÒâÒå
Distinct:Ò»µ©MYSQLÕÒµ½ÁËÓëÐÐÏàÁªºÏÆ¥ÅäµÄÐУ¬¾Í²»ÔÙËÑË÷ÁË
Not exists: MYSQLÓÅ»¯ÁËLEFT JOIN£¬Ò»µ©ËüÕÒµ½ÁËÆ¥ÅäLEFT JOIN±ê×¼µÄÐУ¬¾Í²»ÔÙËÑË÷ÁË
Range checked for each Record£¨i
Ïà¹ØÎĵµ£º
MySQL showµÄÓ÷¨
a. show tables»òshow tables from database_name; // ÏÔʾµ±Ç°Êý¾Ý¿âÖÐËùÓбíµÄÃû³Æ
b. show databases; // ÏÔʾmysqlÖÐËùÓÐÊý¾Ý¿âµÄÃû³Æ
c. show columns from table_name from database_name; »òshow columns from database_name.table_name; ......
MySQLË÷Òýͨ³£ÊDZ»ÓÃÓÚÌá¸ßWHEREÌõ¼þµÄÊý¾ÝÐÐÆ¥Åä»òÕßÖ´ÐÐÁª½á²Ù×÷ʱƥÅäÆäËü±íµÄÊý¾ÝÐеÄËÑË÷ËÙ¶È¡£
MySQLÒ²ÄÜÀûÓÃË÷ÒýÀ´¿ìËÙµØÖ´ÐÐORDER BYºÍGROUP BYÓï¾äµÄÅÅÐòºÍ·Ö×é²Ù×÷¡£
ͨ¹ýË÷ÒýÓÅ»¯À´ÊµÏÖMySQLµÄORDER BYÓï¾äÓÅ»¯£º
1¡¢ORDER BYµÄË÷ÒýÓÅ»¯¡£Èç¹ûÒ»¸öSQLÓï¾äÐÎÈ磺
SELECT [column1],[column2],…. fro ......
¸ßÐÔÄÜMySqlѧϰ±Ê¼Ç
1.Õë¶ÔÓ¦Óý¨Á¢×Ô¼ºµÄË÷Òý
URL²éÕÒÀý×Ó
select * from tUrl where url='http://www.163.com';
ÒÔurl£¨×Ö·û´®£©×÷ÐÐΪË÷Òý»áʹµÃ×÷ΪË÷Òý½á¹¹µÄB-Tree±ä´ó£¬¿ÉÒÔÒÆ³ýurlÁÐÉϵÄË÷Òý£¬²¢Ìí¼ÓÒ»¸öurl_crcË÷ÒýÁУ¬
ÏȽ¨Á¢±í£º
create tables tUrl(
......
sudo apt-get install mysql-server
Õâ¸öÓ¦¸ÃºÜ¼òµ¥ÁË£¬¶øÇÒÎÒ¾õµÃ´ó¼ÒÔÚ°²×°·½ÃæÒ²Ã»Ê²Ã´Ì«´óÎÊÌ⣬ËùÒÔÒ²¾Í²»¶à˵ÁË£¬ÏÂÃæÎÒÃÇÀ´½²½²ÅäÖá£
ÅäÖÃMySQL
×¢Ò⣬ÔÚUbuntuÏÂMySQLȱʡÊÇÖ»ÔÊÐí±¾µØ·ÃÎʵģ¬Èç¹ûÄãÒªÆäËû»úÆ÷Ò²Äܹ»·ÃÎʵϰ£¬ÄÇôÐèÒª¸Ä±ä/etc/mysql/my.cnfÅäÖÃÎļþÁË£¡ÏÂÃæÎÒÃÇÒ»²½²½µØÀ´£º
ĬÈϵÄMySQL°²× ......
Êý¾Ý¿â±íµ¥µÄ´´½¨
mysql> create database shuishengmu;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql & ......