SQL Server 语句查询手册

建表：
CREATE TABLE  [DB.dbo].tableName
(Stud_id int CONSTRAINT  constraintName1  not null primary key,
 Name nvarchar(5) not null,
 Birthday datetime,
 Gender nchar(1),
 Telcode char(12),
 Zipcode char(6) CONSTRAINT constraintName2 CHECK(zipcode like [0-9] [0-9] [0-9] [0-9] [0-9] [0-9] [0-9]),
 Deptcode tinyint CONSTRAINT constraintName3 check(Deptcode<100),
 Salary money DEFAULT 260
)
删表：
DROP TABLE tableName ;
 修改表：
ALTER TABLE [DB.dbo.]tableName
ADD column_Name nvarchar(20) not null DEFAULT ‘liaihua’;
ALTER TABLE [DB.dbo.]tableName
DROP COLUMN column_Name;
ALTER TABLE [DB.dbo.]tableName
MODIFY column_Name columnType;
插入数据：
Insert into tableName[(column1,column2,column3…)] values(value1,value2,value3….);
Insert into tableName[(column1,column2,column3…)] select column1,column2,column3… from tableName2 [where…]
更新数据：
Update tableName set column1=value1,column2=value2,column3=value3…..where…
删除数据：
Delete from tableName where ……
查询数据：
Select  [ALL|DISTINCT] column1,column2,column3….. from tableName1[,table2,table3...]
[Where ……]
[Group by column_Name]
[Having …..]
[Order by column_Name [desc|asc]]
常用集函数：
SUM();AVG();MIN();MAX();COUNT();
SQL Server 支持五种约束：DEFAULT约束（默认约束）；PRIMARY KEY约束（主键约束）；CHECK约束（检查约束）；FOREIGN KEY约束（外键约束）；UNIQUE约束；
约束的创建：
CREATE TABLE tableName
(column1 Type (null|not null)
[[CONSTRAINT constraintName]                   -----约束名如果不写，系统自动加上
{
  PRIMARY KEY [CLUSTERED|NONCLUSTERED]
  |UNIQUE [CLUSTERED|NONCLUSTERED]
  |[FOREIGN KEY] REFERENCES ref_table[(ref_column)]
  |default constraintExpression
}
][,column2……]
)
约束的