SQLÓï¾äPART9
Group functions
SELECT [column,] group_function(column) ... from table [WHERE condition] [GROUP BY group_by_expression] [ORDER BY column];
e.g.:
SELECT department_id, job_id, SUM(salary), COUNT(employee_id) from employees GROUP BY department_id, job_id ;
SELECT [column,] group_function(column)... from table [WHERE condition] [GROUP BY group_by_expression]
[HAVING having_expression] [ORDER BY column];
GROUP BY with ROLLUP and CUBE Operators
1. Use ROLLUP or CUBE with GROUP BY to produce superaggregate rows by cross-referencing columns.
2. ROLLUP grouping produces a result set containing the regular grouped rows and the subtotal values.
3. CUBE grouping produces a result set containing the rows from ROLLUP and cross-tabulation rows.
SELECT [column,] group_function(column). . .from table [WHERE condition] [GROUP BY [ROLLUP] group_by_expression] [HAVING having_expression];[ORDER BY column];
//ROLLUP is an extension to the GROUP BY clause Use the ROLLUP operation to produce cumulative
aggregates, such as subtotals.
e.g. :
select nmoduleinfoid, ndocsortid, salary from t1;
1 1 1000
1 2 2100
1 3 1300
2 4 1400
select nmoduleinfoid, ndocsortid, sum(salary) from t1 group by rollup(nmoduleinfoid, ndocsortid);
1 1 1000
1 2 2100
1 3 1300
1 4400
2 4 1400
2 1400
5800
SELECT [column,] group_function(column)... from table [WHERE condition] [GROUP BY [CUBE] group_by_expression] [HAVING having_expression] [ORDER BY column];
// CUBE is an extension to the GROUP BY clause. You can use the CUBE operator to produce cross-tabulation
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Oracle SQL(partI)
Data manipulation language(DML): select, insert, update, delete, merge.
Data definition language(DDL): create, alter, drop, rename, truncate, comment
Data control language(DCL): grant, revoke
Transaction control: commit, rollback, savepoint
Arithmetic Expressions:
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GRANT
Name
GRANT -- ¶¨Òå·ÃÎÊȨÏÞ
Synopsis GRANT { { SELECT | INSERT | UPDATE | DELETE | RULE | REFERENCES | TRIGGER }
[,...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
ON [ TABLE ] tablename [, ...]
TO { username | GROUP groupname | PUBLIC } [, ...] [ WI ......