SQL UNION ºÍUNION ALL ²Ù×÷·û
SQL UNION ²Ù×÷·û
UNION ²Ù×÷·ûÓÃÓںϲ¢Á½¸ö»ò¶à¸ö SELECT Óï¾äµÄ½á¹û¼¯¡£
Çë×¢Ò⣬UNION ÄÚ²¿µÄ SELECT Óï¾ä±ØÐëÓµÓÐÏàͬÊýÁ¿µÄÁС£ÁÐÒ²±ØÐëÓµÓÐÏàËÆµÄÊý¾ÝÀàÐÍ¡£Í¬Ê±£¬Ã¿Ìõ SELECT Óï¾äÖеÄÁеÄ˳Ðò±ØÐëÏàͬ¡£
SQL UNION Óï·¨
SELECT column_name(s) from table_name1
UNION
SELECT column_name(s) from table_name2
×¢ÊÍ£ºÄ¬Èϵأ¬UNION ²Ù×÷·ûѡȡ²»Í¬µÄÖµ¡£Èç¹ûÔÊÐíÖØ¸´µÄÖµ£¬ÇëʹÓà UNION ALL¡£
SQL UNION ALL Óï·¨
SELECT column_name(s) from table_name1
UNION ALL
SELECT column_name(s) from table_name2
ÁíÍ⣬UNION ½á¹û¼¯ÖеÄÁÐÃû×ÜÊǵÈÓÚ UNION ÖеÚÒ»¸ö SELECT Óï¾äÖеÄÁÐÃû¡£
ÏÂÃæµÄÀý×ÓÖÐʹÓõÄÔʼ±í£º
Employees_China:
E_IDE_Name
01
Zhang, Hua
02
Wang, Wei
03
Carter, Thomas
04
Yang, Ming
Employees_USA:
E_IDE_Name
01
Adams, John
02
Bush, George
03
Carter, Thomas
04
Gates, Bill
ʹÓà UNION ÃüÁî
ʵÀý
ÁгöËùÓÐÔÚÖйúºÍÃÀ¹úµÄ²»Í¬µÄ¹ÍÔ±Ãû£º
SELECT E_Name from Employees_China
UNION
SELECT E_Name from Employees_USA
½á¹û
E_Name
Zhang, Hua
Wang, Wei
Carter, Thomas
Yang, Ming
Adams, John
Bush, George
Gates, Bill
×¢ÊÍ£ºÕâ¸öÃüÁîÎÞ·¨ÁгöÔÚÖйúºÍÃÀ¹úµÄËùÓйÍÔ±¡£ÔÚÉÏÃæµÄÀý×ÓÖУ¬ÎÒÃÇÓÐÁ½¸öÃû×ÖÏàͬµÄ¹ÍÔ±£¬ËûÃǵ±ÖÐÖ»ÓÐÒ»¸öÈ˱»ÁгöÀ´ÁË¡£UNION ÃüÁîÖ»»áѡȡ²»Í¬µÄÖµ¡£
UNION ALL
UNION ALL ÃüÁîºÍ UNION ÃüÁºõÊǵÈЧµÄ£¬²»¹ý UNION ALL ÃüÁî»áÁгöËùÓеÄÖµ¡£
SQL Statement 1
UNION ALL
SQL Statement 2
ʹÓà UNION ALL ÃüÁî
ʵÀý£º
ÁгöÔÚÖйúºÍÃÀ¹úµÄËùÓеĹÍÔ±£º
SELECT E_Name from Employees_China
UNION ALL
SELECT E_Name from Employees_USA
½á¹û
E_Name
Zhang, Hua
Wang, Wei
Carter, Thomas
Yang, Ming
Adams, John
Bush, George
Carter, Thomas
Gates, Bill
ÔÌûµØÖ·£ºhttp://www.w3school.com.cn/sql/sql_union.asp
Ïà¹ØÎĵµ£º
select s.* from t_info t,t_info_class_relationship s where t.id=s.info_id and t.status is not null and s.class_id in(
select a.id
from T_INFO_CLASS a
start with a.parent_id=39902
connect by prior
a.id =parent_id u ......
Oracle spool Ó÷¨Ð¡½á[°ëת°ë¼Ó]
¹ØÓÚSPOOL(SPOOLÊÇSQLPLUSµÄÃüÁ²»ÊÇSQLÓï·¨ÀïÃæµÄ¶«Î÷¡£)
¶ÔÓÚSPOOLÊý¾ÝµÄSQL£¬×îºÃÒª×Ô¼º¶¨Òå¸ñʽ£¬ÒÔ·½±ã³ÌÐòÖ±½Óµ¼Èë,SQLÓï¾äÈ磺
select empno||','||ename||','||sal from emp;
spool³£ÓõÄÉèÖÃ
set colsep' ';¡¡¡¡¡¡ //ÓòÊä³ö·Ö¸ô·û
set echo off;¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡//ÏÔʾstartÆô¶¯µ ......
±¾ÖܺÍÉÏÖܾÀí¸øÎÒÃÇ×öÁËÁ½´Î¹ØÓÚsqlµÄÅàѵ£¬¸Ð¾õºÜÓÐÓÃËùÒÔ×ܽáһϣ¡
Union£ºÖ»ÓÐÁ½Õűí½á¹¹ÏàͬµÄ½á¹û¼¯²ÅÄÜʹÓÃunion£¬½«ËùÓеıíÊý¾Ý·Åµ½Ò»¸ö½á¹û¼¯ÖС£
Count£º¼ÆËã²ÎÊýÁбíÖеÄÊý×ÖÏîµÄ¸öÊý¡£À¨ºÅÀï±ß¿ÉÒÔÊÇÁÐÃû£¬Ò²¿ÉÒÔÊDzÎÊýÖµ¡£
  ......
Óû§È¨ÏÞ¹ÜÀí
Ò»¡¢·þÎñÆ÷µÇ¼ÕʺźÍÓû§ÕʺŹÜÀí
1.SQL Server·þÎñÆ÷µÇ¼¹ÜÀí
²»¹ÜʹÓÃÄÄÖÖÈÏ֤ģʽ£¬Óû§¶¼±ØÐëÏȾ߱¸ÓÐЧµÄÓû§µÇ¼Õʺš£SQL ServerÓÐÈý¸öĬÈϵÄÓû§µÇ¼Õʺţº¼´sa¡¢Builtin\administratorsºÍguest¡£saÊÇϵͳ¹ÜÀíÔ±(system administrator)µÄ¼ò³Æ£¬ÊÇÒ»¸öÌØÊâµÄÓû§£¬ÔÚSQL ServerϵͳºÍËùÓÐÊý¾Ý¿âÖÐÓ ......
1.¶Ô²éѯ½øÐÐÓÅ»¯£¬Ó¦¾¡Á¿±ÜÃâÈ«±íɨÃ裬Ê×ÏÈÓ¦¿¼ÂÇÔÚ where ¼° order by Éæ¼°µÄÁÐÉϽ¨Á¢Ë÷Òý¡£
2.Ó¦¾¡Á¿±ÜÃâÔÚ where ×Ó¾äÖжÔ×ֶνøÐÐ null ÖµÅжϣ¬·ñÔò½«µ¼ÖÂÒýÇæ
·ÅÆúʹÓÃË÷Òý¶ø½øÐÐÈ«±íɨÃ裬È磺
select id from t where num is null
¿ÉÒÔÔÚnumÉÏÉèÖÃ
ĬÈÏÖµ0£¬È·±£±íÖÐnumÁÐûÓÐnullÖµ£¬È»ºóÕâ
Ñù²éѯ£º
sel ......