[oracle]> sqlplus /nolog
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 – Production on Tue Aug 19 03:46:29 2008
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> shutdown immediate
ORA-01109: database not open
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 167772160 bytes
Fixed Size 1977208 bytes
Variable Size 104862856 bytes
Database Buffers 58720256 bytes
Redo Buffers 2211840 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> alter tablespace users offline;
Tablespace altered.
SQL> host mv /opt/oracle/oradata/ora10g/users01.dbf /opt/oracle/oradata_bak/
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 – 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options ......

ÁгöÅäÖõÄËùÓÐÊý¾Ý¿â
[root@node1 ~]# srvctl config database
NOVADB
ËùÓÐʵÀýºÍ·þÎñµÄ״̬
[root@node1 ~]# srvctl status database -d NOVADB
Instance NOVADB1 is running on node node1
Instance NOVADB2 is running on node node2
µ¥¸öʵÀýµÄ״̬
[root@node1 ~]# srvctl status instance -d NOVADB -i NOVADB1
Instance NOVADB1 is running on node node1
ÔÚÊý¾Ý¿âÈ«¾ÖÃüÃû·þÎñµÄ״̬
$ srvctl status service -d orcl -s orcltest
Service orcltest is running on instance(s) orcl2, orcl1
Ìض¨½ÚµãÉϽڵãÓ¦ÓóÌÐòµÄ״̬
[root@node1 ~]# srvctl status nodeapps -n node1
VIP is running on node: node1
GSD is running on node: node1
Listener is running on node: node1
ONS daemon is running on node: node1
ASM ʵÀýµÄ״̬
[root@node1 ~]# srvctl status asm -n node1
ASM instance +ASM1 is running on node node1.
[root@node1 ~]# srvctl status asm -n node2
ASM instance +ASM2 is running on node node2.
ÏÔʾ RAC Êý¾Ý¿âµÄÅäÖÃ
[root@node1 ~]# srvctl config database -d NOVADB
node1 NOVADB1 /opt/ora10g/product/10.2 ......

 
Oracle ¼ì²é¶ÔÏó
8.3. Oracle¶ÔÏóµÄ״̬
¹²·ÖÁù¸ö²¿·Ö£¬·Ö±ðΪ£º¼ì²éOracle¿ØÖÆÎļþ״̬£»¼ì²éOracleÔÚÏßÈÕ־״̬£»¼ì²éOracle±í¿Õ¼äµÄ״̬£»¼ì²éOracleËùÓÐÊý¾ÝÎļþ״̬£»¼ì²éOracleËùÓÐ±í¡¢Ë÷Òý¡¢´æ´¢¹ý³Ì¡¢´¥·¢Æ÷¡¢°üµÈ¶ÔÏóµÄ״̬£»¼ì²éOracleËùÓлعö¶ÎµÄ״̬¡£
8.3.1. Oracle¿ØÖÆÎļþ״̬
¼ì²é¿ØÖÆÎļþ״̬ÊÇ·ñÕý³£¡£
$sqlplus system/manager
sql>select * from v$controlfile;
Êä³ö½á¹ûÓ¦¸ÃÓÐ3ÌõÒÔÉÏ£¨°üº¬3Ìõ£©µÄ¼Ç¼£¬“STATUS”Ó¦¸ÃΪ¿Õ¡£×´Ì¬Îª¿Õ±íʾ¿ØÖÆÎļþ״̬Õý³£¡£
8.3.2. OracleÔÚÏßÈÕ־״̬
¼ì²éÔÚÏßÈÕ־״̬ÊÇ·ñÕý³£¡£
$sqlplus system/manager
sql>select * from v$logfile;
Êä³ö½á¹ûÓ¦¸ÃÓÐ3ÌõÒÔÉÏ£¨°üº¬3Ìõ£©¼Ç¼£¬“STATUS”Ó¦¸ÃΪ·Ç“INVALID”£¬·Ç“DELETED”¡£
×¢£º“STATUS”ÏÔʾΪ¿Õ±íʾÕý³£¡£
8.3.3. Oracle±í¿Õ¼ä״̬
¼ì²éÓ¦ÓÃÏà¹Ø±í¿Õ¼ä״̬ÊÇ·ñΪ“ONLINE”¡£
$sqlplus system/manager
sql>select tablespace_name,status from dba_tablespaces;
ÆäÖГSTATUS”Ó¦¸Ã¶¼Îª“ONLINE”£¬¼Ó´ÖÊä³öÏÔʾµÄ²¿·ÖΪÎÒÃÇÓ¦ÓÃÏà¹ØµÄ ......

 
ʹÓÃEXP
EXPÃüÁîÐÐÑ¡Ïî
1,BUFFER
¸ÃÑ¡ÏîÓÃÓÚÖ¸¶¨ÌáÈ¡ÐÐÊý¾ÝʱµÄ»º³åÇø³ß´ç.ͨ¹ýÉèÖøÃÑ¡Ïî,¿ÉÒÔÈ·¶¨µ¼³öʱÊý¾ÝÌáÆð³ß´ç.¸ÃÑ¡ÏîÖ»ÊÊÓÃÓÚ³£¹æÑ¡Ïî.
Exp scott/tiger tables=dept,emp file=a.dmp buffer=81920
2,COMPRESS
¸ÃÑ¡ÏîÓÃÓÚÖ¸¶¨µ¼Èë¹ÜÀí³õʼÇø(INITIAL)µÄ·½·¨.ĬÈÏֵΪY.µ±ÉèÖøÃÑ¡ÏîΪYʱ,oracle»á½«INITIALÉèÖÃΪ±í¶ÎµÄµ±Ç°³ß´ç;µ±ÉèÖøÃÑ¡ÏîΪNʱ,oracleÈÔȻʹÓñí¶ÎµÄÔ­Óд洢²ÎÊý(INITIALºÍNEXT).
3.CONSISTENT
¸ÃÑ¡ÏîÓÃÓÚÖ¸¶¨ÊÇ·ñʹÓÃSET TRANSACTION READ ONLYÓï¾äÈ·±£È¡µÃÒ»ÖÂʱ¼äµãµÄÊý¾Ý,ĬÈÏֵΪN .µ±ÉèÖøÃÑ¡ÏîΪYʱ,ËùÓб»µ¼³ö±í»áÔÚͬһ¸öÊÂÎñÄÚÍê³Éµ¼³ö.È·±£È¡µÃÒ»ÖÂʱ¼äµãµÄÊý¾Ý,µ±ÉèÖøÃÑ¡ÏîΪNʱ,ÿ¸ö±»µ¼³ö±í»áʹÓöÀÁ¢ÊÂÎñµ¼³ö.ÐèҪעÒâ,µ¼³öÊý¾Ý¿âʱ,Ϊ
Á˱ÜÃâsnapshot too old ´íÎó,²»Òª½«Ñ¡ÏîCONSISTENTÉèÖÃΪY.
4,CONSTRAINTS
ÉèÊÇ·ñµ¼³ö±íµÄÔ¼Êø,ĬÈÏֵΪY.
5,DIRECT
¸ÃÑ¡ÏîÓÃÓÚÖ¸¶¨ÊÇ·ñʹÓÃÖ±½Óµ¼³ö·½Ê½,ĬÈÏֵΪN.µ±ÉèÖøÃÑ¡ÏîΪYʱ,²ÉÓÃÖ±½Óµ¼³ö·½Ê½;µ±ÉèÖÃΪNʱ,²ÉÓó£¹æµ¼³ö·½Ê½.ÐèҪעÒâ,Ö±½Óµ¼³ö·½Ê½ËÙ¶ÈÒªÓÅÓÚ³£¹æµ¼³ö,µ«ÒªÇó¿Í»§¶ËºÍ·þÎñ¶ËµÄ×Ö·û¼¯±ØÐëÍêÈ«Ò»ÖÂ.
6.FEEDBACK
Ö¸¶¨µ¼³öÐÐÊýÏÔʾ½ø³Ì¿ò,ĬÈÏÎ ......

 
ÏÔʾ±íÐÅÏ¢
1,ÏÔʾÌض¨Óû§µÄ±í
DAT_TABLES ¿ÉÒÔÏÔʾËùÓÐÊý¾Ý¿â±íµÄÏêϸÐÅÏ¢
ALL_TABLES ¿ÉÒÔÏÔʾÓû§¿ÉÒÔ·ÃÎʵÄËùÓбíÐÅÏ¢
USER_TABLES ¿ÉÒÔÏÔʾµ±Ç°Óû§ËùÓбíµÄÐÅÏ¢
SELECT table_name,num_rows,pct_free,blocks,chain_cnt
from dba_tables WHERE owner=’SCOTT’;
Table_nameÓÃÓÚ±êʶ±íÃû,num_rowsÓÃÓÚ±êʶ±íËù°üº¬µÄÐÐÊý.pct_freeÓÃÓÚ±êʶPCTFREEµÄÖµ,blocksÓÃÓÚ±êʶ±íÊý¾ÝÒѾ­Õ¼ÓõĿé¸öÊý,chain_cntÓÃÓÚ±êʶÁ´ÐеĸöÊý,ownerÓÃÓÚ±êʶ¶ÔÏóËùÓÐÕß.
2,ÏÔʾÁÐÐÅÏ¢.
DBA_TAB_COLUMNS,¿ÉÒÔÏÔʾÊý¾Ý¿âÈκαíµÄÁÐÐÅÏ¢.
ALL_TAB_COLUMNS,¿ÉÒÔÏÔʾÓû§¿É·ÃÎʵÄÁÐÐÅÏ¢
USER_TAB_COLUMNS,¿ÉÒÔÏÔʾµ±Ç°Óû§ËùÓµÓбíµÄÁÐÐÅÏ¢.
3,ÏÔʾ±íµÄ×¢ÊÍÐÅÏ¢
DBA_TAB_COMMENTS,ÏÔʾÊý¾Ý¿âÈκαí»òÊÓͼµÄ×¢ÊÍ;
ALL_TAB_COMMENTS,ÏÔʾÓû§¿É·ÃÎʱíµÄ×¢ÊÍ
USER_TAB_COMMENTS,ÏÔʾµ±Ç°Óû§ËùÓµÓбíµÄ×¢ÊÍ.
4,ÏÔʾÁеÄ×¢ÊÍÐÅÏ¢
DBA_COL_COMMENTS,
ALL_COL_COMMENTS,
USER_COL_COMMENTS.
5,ÏÔʾUNUSEDÁÐÐÅÏ¢
DBA_UNUSED_COL_TABS,¿ÉÒÔÏÔʾÈκαíµÄUNUSEDÁиöÊý
ALL_UNUSED_COL_TABS,¿ÉÒÔÏÔʾÓû§¿É·ÃÎʱíµÄUNUSEDÁиöÊý
USER_UNUSED_COL_TABS,ÏÔʾµ±Ç°Óû§ ......

 
Ô¤¶¨Òå½ÇÉ«ÊÇoracleÌṩµÄ½ÇÉ«,ÕâЩ½ÇÉ«ÊÇÔÚ½¨Á¢Êý¾Ý¿â,°²×°Êý¾Ý×ÖµäÊÓͼºÎPL/SQL°üʱ½¨Á¢µÄ,²¢ÇÒÿÖÖ½ÇÉ«¶¼ÓÃÓÚÖ´ÐÐһЩÌض¨¹ÜÀíÈÎÎñ.
1,CONNECT½ÇÉ«
CONNECT½ÇɫʱÔÚ½¨Á¢Êý¾Ý¿âʱ,oracleÖ´Ðнű¾SQL.BSQ×Ô¶¯½¨Á¢µÄ½ÇÉ«,¸Ã½ÇÉ«¾ßÓÐÓ¦Óÿª·¢ÈËÔ±ËùÐèµÄ¶àÊýȨÏÞ.CONNECT½ÇÉ«¾ßÓеÄËùÓÐϵͳȨÏÞÈçÏÂ:
ALTER SESSION Ð޸ĻỰ²ÎÊýÉèÖÃ
CREATE CLUSTER ½¨Á¢´Ø
CREATE DATABASE LINK ½¨Á¢Êý¾Ý¿âÁ´
CREATE SEQUENCE ½¨Á¢ÐòÁÐ
CREATE SESSION ½¨Á¢»á»°(Á¬½Óµ½Êý¾Ý¿â)
CREATE PUBLIC SYNONYM ½¨Á¢Í¬Òå´Ê
CREATE TABLE ½¨±í
CREATE VIEW ½¨Á¢ÊÓͼ
2,RECOURCE½ÇÉ«
RECOURCE ½ÇɫʱÔÚ½¨Á¢Êý¾Ý¿âʱ,oracleÖ´Ðнű¾SQL.BSQ×Ô¶¯½¨Á¢µÄ½ÇÉ«,¸Ã½ÇÉ«¾ßÓÐÓ¦Óÿª·¢ÈËÔ±ËùÐèµÄÆäËûȨÏÞ.È罨Á¢´æ´¢¹ý´Ó,´¥·¢Æ÷µÈ.½¨Á¢Êý¾Ý¿âÓû§ºó,Ò»°ãÇé¿öÏÂÖ»Òª¸øÓû§ÊÚÓèCONNECTºÍRECOURCE½ÇÉ«¾Í×ã¹»ÁË.ÐèҪעÒâµÄʱ,RECOURCE½ÇÉ«Òþº¬¾ßÓÐUNLIMITED TABLESPACEϵͳȨÏÞ.
CREATE CLUSTER ½¨Á¢´Ø
CREATE INDEXTYPE ½¨Á¢Ë÷ÒýÀàÐÍ
CREATE PROCEDURE ½¨Á¢PL/SQL³ÌÐòµ¥Ôª.
CREATE SEQUENCE ½¨Á¢ÐòÁÐ
CREATE TABLE ½¨±í
CREATE TRIGGER ½¨Á¢´¥·¢Æ÷
CREATE TYPE ½¨Á¢ÀàÐÍ
3.DBA
¸Ã½ÇÉ«¾ßÓ ......