LInux±Ê¼Ç
LInux±Ê¼Ç
¹Û²ìϵͳµÄʹÓÃ״̬:Èç¹ûÒª¿´Ä¿Ç°ÓÐËÔÚÔÚÏß,¿ÉÒÔÏ´ï who Õâ¸öÖ¸Áî,¶øÈç¹ûÒª¿´ÍøÂçµÄÁª
»ú״̬,¿ÉÒÔÏ´ï netstat -a Õâ¸öÖ¸Áî,¶øÒª¿´±³¾°Ö´ÐеijÌÐò¿ÉÒÔÖ´ÐÐ ps -aux Õâ¸öÖ¸Áî¡£
ʹÓÃÕâЩָÁî¿ÉÒÔÈÃÄãÉÔ΢Á˽âÖ÷»úÄ¿Ç°µÄʹÓÃ״̬!
¹Ø»úµÄÕýÈ·Ö¸ÁîÓ÷¨啰!
• ½«Êý¾Ýͬ²½Ð´ÈëÓ²ÅÌÖеÄÖ¸Áî: sync
• ¹ßÓõĹػúÖ¸Áî: shutdown
• ÖØпª»ú,¹Ø»ú: reboot, halt, poweroff
fsck /dev/hda7 ÐÞ¸´
Linux Ò»°ã½«µµ°¸¿É´æÈ¡µÄ·½Ê½·ÖΪÈý¸öÀà±ð,·Ö±ðÊÇ
owner/group/other, ÇÒ¸÷ÓÐ read/write/excute µÈȨÏÞ
Linux µµ°¸ÊôÐÔ ls-al
drwxr-xr-x 51 jelly jelly 4096 2008-09-04 14:10 .
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 33 2008-09-03 13:56 ..
drwx------ 3 jelly jelly 25 2008-04-26 08:42 .adobe
drwx------ 2 jelly jelly 19 2008-07-18 22:49 .aptitude
-rw------- 1 jelly jelly 4721 2008-09-04 14:00 .bash_history
-rw-r--r-- 1 jelly jelly 220 2008-04-25 07:18 .bash_logout
-rw-r--r-- 1 jelly jelly 2928 2008-04-25 07:18 .bashrc
1.µÚÒ»À¸´ú±íÕâ¸öµµ°¸µÄÊôÐÔ
µÚÒ»¸öÊôÐÔ´ú±íÕâ¸öµµ°¸ÊÇ¡ºÄ¿Â¼¡¢µµ°¸»òÁ¬½áÎļþµÈµÈ¡»:
µ±Îª[ d ]ÔòÊÇĿ¼;
µ±Îª[ - ]ÔòÊǵµ°¸;
ÈôÊÇ[ l ]Ôò±íʾΪÁ¬½áµµ(link file);
ÈôÊÇ[ b ]Ôò±íʾΪװÖÃÎļþÀïÃæµÄ¿É¹©´¢´æµÄ½Ó¿ÚÉ豸;
ÈôÊÇ[ c ]Ôò±íʾΪװÖÃÎļþÀïÃæµÄ´®Ðж˿ÚÉ豸,ÀýÈç¼üÅÌ¡¢Êó±ê¡£
½ÓÏÂÀ´µÄÊôÐÔÖÐ,Èý¸öΪһ×é,ÇÒ¾ùΪ¡ºrwx¡» µÄÈý¸ö²ÎÊýµÄ×éºÏ¡£ÆäÖÐ,[ r ]´ú±í¿É¶Á(read)¡¢[ w ]´ú±í¿Éд(write)¡¢[ x ]´ú±í¿ÉÖ´ÐÐ(excute):
µÚÒ»×éΪ¡ºÓµÓÐÈ˵ÄȨÏÞ¡»;
µÚ¶þ×éΪ¡ºÍ¬Èº×éµÄȨÏÞ¡»;
µÚÈý×éΪ¡ºÆäËü·Ç±¾Èº×éµÄȨÏÞ¡»
x Óë Ŀ¼ µÄ¹ØϵÏ൱µÄÖØÒª, Èç¹ûÄúÔÚĿ¼µ×ϲ»ÄÜÖ´ÐÐÈκÎÖ¸ÁîµÄ»°,ÄÇôÎÞ·¨½øÈëĿ¼
µÚÆßÀ¸ÎªÕâ¸öµµ°¸µÄµµÃû, Èç¹ûµµÃû֮ǰ¶àÒ»¸ö¡º . ¡»,Ôò´ú±íÕâ¸öµµ°¸Îª¡ºÒþ²Øµµ¡»
¸Ä±äµµ°¸È¨ÏÞ
• chgrp :¸Ä±äµµ°¸ËùÊôȺ×é
• chown :¸Ä±äµµ
Ïà¹ØÎĵµ£º
1. ѧ»áд¼òµ¥µÄmakefile
2. ±àһЩӦÓÃ
³ÌÐò
£¬¿ÉÒÔÓÃmakefileÅÜÆðÀ´
3. ѧ»áдÇý¶¯
µÄmakefile
4. дһ¼òµ¥charÇý¶¯£¬makefile±àÒëͨ¹ý£¬¿ÉÒÔinsmod£¬ lsmod£¬ rmmod. ÔÚÇý¶¯µÄinitº¯ÊýÀï´òÓ¡hello world£¬insmodºóÓ¦¸ÃÄܹ»Í¨¹ýdmesg¿´µ½Êä³ö
¡£
5. дһÍêÕûÇý¶¯£¬ ¼ÓÉÏread£¬ write£¬ ioctl£¬ pollingµÈ¸ ......
1¡¢³ÌÐòºÍ½ø³Ì£»
³ÌÐòÊÇΪÁËÍê³ÉijÖÖÈÎÎñ¶øÉè¼ÆµÄÈí¼þ£¬±ÈÈçOpenOfficeÊdzÌÐò¡£Ê²Ã´Êǽø³ÌÄØ£¿½ø³Ì¾ÍÊÇÔËÐÐÖеijÌÐò¡£
Ò»¸öÔËÐÐ×ŵijÌÐò£¬¿ÉÄÜÓжà¸ö½ø³Ì¡£ ±ÈÈç LinuxSir.Org ËùÓõÄWWW·þÎñÆ÷ÊÇapache·þÎñÆ÷£¬µ±¹ÜÀíÔ±Æô¶¯·þÎñºó£¬¿ÉÄÜ»áÓкöàÈËÀ´·ÃÎÊ£¬Ò²¾ÍÊÇ˵Ðí¶àÓû§À´Í¬Ê±ÇëÇóhttpd·þÎñ£¬apache·þÎñÆ÷½«»á´´½¨Óжà ......
I/OÖض¨ÏòÏê½â¼°Ó¦ÓÃʵÀý
1¡¢ »ù±¾¸ÅÄÕâÊÇÀí½âºóÃæµÄ֪ʶµÄÇ°ÌᣬÇëÎñ±ØÀí½â£©
a¡¢ I/OÖض¨Ïòͨ³£Óë FDÓйأ¬shellµÄFDͨ³£Îª10¸ö£¬¼´ 0¡«9£»
b¡¢ ³£ÓÃFDÓÐ3¸ö£¬Îª0£¨stdin£¬±ê×¼ÊäÈ룩¡¢1£¨stdout£¬±ê×¼Êä³ö£©¡¢2£¨stderr£¬±ê×¼´íÎóÊä³ö£©£¬Ä¬ÈÏÓëkeyboard¡¢monitor¡¢monitorÓйأ»
c¡¢ Óà < À´¸Ä±ä¶Á½øµÄÊý ......
linuxĿ¼¼Ü¹¹
/ ¸ùĿ¼
/bin ³£ÓõÄÃüÁî
binary file µÄÄ¿錄
/boot ´æ·ÅϵͳÆô¶¯Ê±±ØÐë¶ÁÈ¡µÄµµ°¸£¬°üÀ¨ºËÐÄ
(kernel) ÔÚÄÚ
/boot/grub/menu.lst GRUBÉèÖÃ
/boot/vmlinuz ÄÚºË
......