COW copy on write linux ¿ª²©À²¡£¹þ¹þ
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STL±ê׼ģ°å¿âÖеÄstringÀ࣬ҲÊÇÒ»¸ö¾ßÓÐдʱ²Å¿½±´¼¼ÊõµÄÀà¡£C++ÔøÔÚÐÔÄÜÎÊÌâÉϱ»¹ã·ºµØÖÊÒɺÍÖ¸Ôð¹ý£¬ÎªÁËÌá¸ßÐÔÄÜ£¬STLÖеÄÐí¶àÀ඼²ÉÓÃÁËCopy-On-Write¼¼Êõ¡£Í¨³££¬stringÀàÖбØÓÐÒ»¸ö˽ÓгÉÔ±£¬ÆäÊÇÒ»¸öchar*£¬Óû§¼Ç¼´Ó¶ÑÉÏ·ÖÅäÄÚ´æµÄµØÖ·£¬ÆäÔÚ¹¹Ôìʱ·ÖÅäÄڴ棬ÔÚÎö¹¹Ê±ÊÍ·ÅÄÚ´æ¡£ÒòΪÊÇ´Ó¶ÑÉÏ·ÖÅäÄڴ棬ËùÒÔstringÀàÔÚά»¤Õâ¿éÄÚ´æÉÏÊǸñÍâСÐĵģ¬stringÀàÔÚ·µ»ØÕâ¿éÄÚ´æµØַʱ£¬Ö»·µ»Øconst char*£¬Ò²¾ÍÊÇÖ»¶ÁµÄ£¬Èç¹ûÄãҪд£¬ÄãÖ»ÄÜͨ¹ýstringÌṩµÄ·½·¨½øÐÐÊý¾ÝµÄ¸Äд¡£
main()
{
string str1 = "hello world";// string str1 ("hello world"); µ÷ÓõÄÊǹ¹Ô캯Êý
string str2 = str1; // string str2 (str1); µ÷ÓõÄÊÇ¿½±´¹¹Ô캯Êý
//´Ëʱstr1,str2¹²ÏíÄÚ´æ
printf ("Sharing the memory:\n");
printf ("\tstr1's address: %x\n", str1.c_str() );
printf ("\tstr2's address: %x\n", str2.c_str() );
str1[1]='q';
str2[1]='w';
/*µ±È»ÊÇÔÚ¹²Ïíͬһ¿éÄÚ´æµÄÀà·¢ÉúÄÚÈݸıäʱ£¬²Å»á·¢ÉúCopy-On-Write¡£±ÈÈçstringÀàµÄ[]¡¢=¡¢+=¡¢+¡¢²Ù×÷·û¸³Öµ£¬»¹ÓÐһЩstringÀàÖÐÖîÈçinsert¡¢replace¡¢appendµÈ³ÉÔ±º¯Êý¡£*/
printf ("After Copy-On-Write:\n");
printf ("\tstr1's address: %x\n", str1.c_str() );
printf ("\tstr2's address: %x\n", str2.c_str() );
return 0;
}
½á¹û£º
Sharing the memory:
str1's address: 12ff3c //·Ç343be9£¿£¿£¿
str2's address: 12ff14 //·Ç343be9
After Copy-On-Write:
str1's address: 3407a9
str2's address: 343be9
str1ºÍstr2´æ·ÅÊý¾ÝµÄµØÖ·ÊÇÒ»ÑùµÄ£¬¶øÔÚÐÞ¸ÄÄÚÈݺó£¬str1µÄµØÖ··¢ÉúÁ˱仯£¬¶østr2µÄµØÖ·»¹ÊÇÔÀ´µÄ¡£´ÓÕâ¸öÀý×Ó£¬ÎÒÃÇ¿ÉÒÔ¿´µ½stringÀàµÄCopy-On-Write¼¼Êõ¡£
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1£®4 Ï̴߳´½¨µÄLinuxʵÏÖ
ÎÒÃÇÖªµÀ£¬LinuxµÄÏß³ÌʵÏÖÊÇÔÚºËÍâ½øÐеģ¬ºËÄÚÌṩµÄÊÇ´´½¨½ø³ÌµÄ½Ó¿Údo_fork()¡£ÄÚºËÌṩÁËÁ½¸öϵͳµ÷ÓÃ__clone()ºÍfork ()£¬×îÖÕ¶¼Óò»Í¬µÄ²ÎÊýµ÷ÓÃdo_fork()ºËÄÚAPI¡£µ±È»£¬ÒªÏëʵÏÖỊ̈߳¬Ã»ÓкËÐĶԶà½ø³Ì£¨ÆäʵÊÇÇáÁ¿¼¶½ø³Ì£©¹²ÏíÊý¾Ý¶ÎµÄÖ§³ÖÊDz»Ðеģ¬Òò´Ë£¬do_fork()ÌṩÁ˺ ......
debian lenny , my favorite
a. vim /etc/sysctl.conf:
modify net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
b. flush route table:
iptables -F
iptables -P INPUT ACCEPT
iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT
c. open NAT services:
&nb ......
¸ü¸Ä/etc/resolv.confÎļþ
Èç¹ûÄãµÄlinuxÖ÷»úÖ»ÊÇÔÚ¾ÖÓòÍøÄÚ¹¤×÷£¬Ç뽫nameserverµØÖ·¸ÄΪÍø¿¨±¾ÉíµÄµØÖ·¡£
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# vi /etc/resolv.conf
nameserver 192.168.0.160
search site
È»ºó ......
Linux Ì×½Ó×Ö±à³ÌÖÐµÄ 5 ¸öÒþ»¼
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M. Tim Jones
(mtj@mtjones.com
), ×ÊÉîÈí¼þ¹¤³Ìʦ, Emulex
2005 Äê 10 ÔÂ 08 ÈÕ
Socket API ÊÇÍøÂçÓ¦ÓóÌÐò¿ª·¢ÖÐʵ¼ÊÓ¦Óõıê×¼ API¡£¾¡¹Ü¸Ã API ¼òµ¥£¬µ«ÊÇ¿ª·¢ÐÂÊÖ¿ÉÄÜ»á¾ÀúһЩ³£¼ûµÄÎÊÌâ¡£±¾ÎÄʶ±ðһЩ×î³£¼ûµÄÒþ» ......