linuxÄں˽ṹ½éÉÜ
LinuxÄÚºËÖ÷ÒªÓÉÎå¸ö×Óϵͳ×é³É£º½ø³Ìµ÷¶È£¬ÄÚ´æ¹ÜÀí£¬ÐéÄâÎļþϵͳ£¬ÍøÂç½Ó¿Ú£¬½ø³Ì¼äͨÐÅ¡£
1£¬½ø³Ìµ÷¶È£¨SCHED£©:¿ØÖƽø³Ì¶ÔCPUµÄ·ÃÎÊ¡£µ±ÐèҪѡÔñÏÂÒ»¸ö½ø³ÌÔËÐÐʱ£¬Óɵ÷¶È³ÌÐòÑ¡Ôñ×îÖµµÃÔËÐеĽø³Ì¡£¿ÉÔËÐнø³Ìʵ¼ÊÉÏÊǽöµÈ´ýCPU×ÊÔ´µÄ½ø³Ì£¬Èç¹ûij¸ö½ø³ÌÔڵȴýÆäËü×ÊÔ´£¬Ôò¸Ã½ø³ÌÊDz»¿ÉÔËÐнø³Ì¡£LinuxʹÓÃÁ˱Ƚϼòµ¥µÄ»ùÓÚÓÅÏȼ¶µÄ½ø³Ìµ÷¶ÈË㷨ѡÔñеĽø³Ì¡£
2£¬ÄÚ´æ¹ÜÀí£¨MM£©ÔÊÐí¶à¸ö½ø³Ì°²È«µÄ¹²ÏíÖ÷ÄÚ´æÇøÓò¡£LinuxµÄÄÚ´æ¹ÜÀíÖ§³ÖÐéÄâÄڴ棬¼´ÔÚ¼ÆËã»úÖÐÔËÐеijÌÐò£¬Æä´úÂ룬Êý¾Ý£¬¶ÑÕ»µÄ×ÜÁ¿¿ÉÒÔ³¬¹ýʵ¼ÊÄÚ´æµÄ´óС£¬²Ù×÷ϵͳֻÊǰѵ±Ç°Ê¹ÓõijÌÐò¿é±£ÁôÔÚÄÚ´æÖУ¬ÆäÓàµÄ³ÌÐò¿éÔò±£ÁôÔÚ´ÅÅÌÖС£±ØÒªÊ±£¬²Ù×÷ϵͳ¸ºÔðÔÚ´ÅÅ̺ÍÄÚ´æ¼ä½»»»³ÌÐò¿é¡£ÄÚ´æ¹ÜÀí´ÓÂß¼ÉÏ·ÖΪӲ¼þÎ޹ز¿·ÖºÍÓ²¼þÓйز¿·Ö¡£Ó²¼þÎ޹ز¿·ÖÌṩÁ˽ø³ÌµÄÓ³ÉäºÍÂß¼ÄÚ´æµÄ¶Ô»»£»Ó²¼þÏà¹ØµÄ²¿·ÖΪÄÚ´æ¹ÜÀíÓ²¼þÌṩÁËÐéÄâ½Ó¿Ú¡£
3£¬ÐéÄâÎļþϵͳ£¨VirtualFileSystem,VFS£©ÎªËùÓеÄÉ豸ÌṩÁËͳһµÄ½Ó¿Ú£¬VFSÌṩÁ˶à´ïÊýÊ®ÖÖ²»Í¬µÄÎļþϵͳ¡£ÐéÄâÎļþϵͳ¿ÉÒÔ·ÖΪÂß¼ÎļþϵͳºÍÉ豸Çý¶¯³ÌÐò¡£Âß¼ÎļþϵͳָLinuxËùÖ§³ÖµÄÎļþϵͳ£¬Èçext2,fatµÈ£¬É豸Çý¶¯³ÌÐòָΪÿһÖÖÓ²¼þ¿ØÖÆÆ÷Ëù±àдµÄÉ豸Çý¶¯³ÌÐòÄ£¿é¡£
4£¬ÍøÂç½Ó¿Ú£¨NET£©ÌṩÁ˶Ը÷ÖÖÍøÂç±ê×¼µÄ´æÈ¡ºÍ¸÷ÖÖÍøÂçÓ²¼þµÄÖ§³Ö¡£ÍøÂç½Ó¿Ú¿É·ÖÎªÍøÂçÐÒéºÍÍøÂçÇý¶¯³ÌÐò¡£ÍøÂçÐÒ鲿·Ö¸ºÔðʵÏÖÿһÖÖ¿ÉÄܵÄÍøÂç´«ÊäÐÒé¡£ÍøÂçÉ豸Çý¶¯³ÌÐò¸ºÔðÓëÓ²¼þÉ豸ͨѶ£¬Ã¿Ò»ÖÖ¿ÉÄܵÄÓ²¼þÉ豸¶¼ÓÐÏàÓ¦µÄÉ豸Çý¶¯³ÌÐò¡£
5£¬½ø³Ì¼äͨѶ(IPC) Ö§³Ö½ø³Ì¼ä¸÷ÖÖͨÐÅ»úÖÆ¡£´¦ÓÚÖÐÐÄλÖõĽø³Ìµ÷¶È£¬ËùÓÐÆäËüµÄ×Óϵͳ¶¼ÒÀÀµËü£¬ÒòΪÿ¸ö×Óϵͳ¶¼ÐèÒª¹ÒÆð»ò»Ö¸´½ø³Ì¡£Ò»°ãÇé¿öÏ£¬µ±Ò»¸ö½ø³ÌµÈ´ýÓ²¼þ²Ù×÷Íê³Éʱ£¬Ëü±»¹ÒÆð£»µ±²Ù×÷ÕæÕýÍê³Éʱ£¬½ø³Ì±»»Ö¸´Ö´ÐС£
¸÷¸ö×Óϵͳ֮¼äµÄÒÀÀµ¹ØÏµÈçÏ£º
1£¬½ø³Ìµ÷¶ÈÓëÄÚ´æ¹ÜÀíÖ®¼äµÄ¹ØÏµ£ºÕâÁ½¸ö×Óϵͳ»¥ÏàÒÀÀµ¡£ÔÚ¶àµÀ³ÌÐò»·¾³Ï£¬³ÌÐòÒªÔËÐбØÐëΪ֮´´½¨½ø³Ì£¬¶ø´´½¨½ø³ÌµÄµÚÒ»¼þÊÂÇ飬¾ÍÊǽ«³ÌÐòºÍÊý¾Ý×°ÈëÄÚ´æ¡£
2£¬½ø³Ì¼äͨÐÅÓëÄÚ´æ¹ÜÀíµÄ¹ØÏµ£º½ø³Ì¼äͨÐÅ×ÓϵͳҪÒÀÀµÄÚ´æ¹ÜÀíÖ§³Ö¹²ÏíÄÚ´æÍ¨ÐÅ»úÖÆ£¬ÕâÖÖ»úÖÆÔÊÐíÁ½¸ö½ø³Ì³ýÁËÓµÓÐ×Ô¼ºµÄ˽Óпռ䣬»¹¿ÉÒÔ´æÈ¡¹²Í¬µÄÄÚ´æÇøÓò¡£
3£¬ÐéÄâÎļþϵͳÓëÍøÂç½Ó¿ÚÖ®¼äµÄ¹ØÏµ£ºÐéÄâÎļþϵͳÀûÓÃÍøÂç½Ó¿ÚÖ§³ÖÍøÂçÎļþϵͳ(NFS),Ò²ÀûÓÃÄÚ´æ¹ÜÀíÖ§³ÖRAMDISKÉ豸¡£
4£¬ÄÚ´æ¹ÜÀíÓëÐé
Ïà¹ØÎĵµ£º
ÕâôÄã¾ÍÐèÒªÐÞ¸ÄÒ»ÏÂ×Ö·û±àÂëµÄÅäÖá£
# cd /etc/sysconfig
# vi i18n
-------------------ÎļþÄÚÈÝ------------------
LANG="zh_CN.GB18030"
SUPPORTED="zh_CN.UTF-8:zh_CN:zh:en_US.UTF-8:en_US:en:zh_CN.GB18030"
SYSFONT="latarcyrheb-sun16"
-----------------------£ºqw ±£´æÍ ......
½ñÌìÖØÐ±àÒëÒÔǰµÄÒ»¸ö³ÌÐò£¬ÀïÃæÓõ½iconv¿â£ºgcc test.cc -liconv
ÔËÐÐʱ£ºa.out:error while loading shared libraries: libiconv.so.2: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
ÒÔǰ±àÒëÔËÐÐÊÇ¿ÉÒԵģ¬¿ÉÄÜÊDz»¾ÃǰÉý¼¶ÁËiconv¿âÓ°Ïì¡£ÔÚ/usr/local/libÏ¿ÉÒÔÕÒµ½libiconv.so.2£¬°Ñ/usr/local/l ......
cron ÊÇlinuxµÄÄÚÖ÷þÎñ£¬µ«Ëü²»×Ô¶¯ÆðÀ´£¬¿ÉÒÔÓÃÒÔÏµķ½·¨Æô¶¯¡¢¹Ø±ÕÕâ¸ö·þÎñ£º
ÒýÓÃ:
/sbin/service crond start //Æô¶¯·þÎñ
/sbin/service crond stop //¹Ø±Õ·þÎñ
/sbin/service crond restart //ÖØÆô·þÎñ
/sbin/service crond reload //ÖØÐÂÔØÈëÅäÖÃ
//============= ......
LinuxÄÚºËÖеÄplatform»úÖÆ
´ÓLinux 2.6ÆðÒýÈëÁËÒ»Ì×еÄÇý¶¯¹ÜÀíºÍ×¢²á»úÖÆ£ºplatform_deviceºÍplatform_driver¡£LinuxÖд󲿷ֵÄÉ豸Çý¶¯£¬¶¼¿ÉÒÔʹÓÃÕâÌ×»úÖÆ£¬É豸ÓÃplatform_device±íʾ£¬Çý¶¯ÓÃplatform_driver½øÐÐ×¢²á¡£
Linux platform driver»úÖÆºÍ´«Í³µÄdevice driver »úÖÆ( ......