SQL Ö÷¼üµÄÓ÷¨
Ö÷¼ü (Primary Key) ÖеÄÿһ±Ê×ÊÁ϶¼ÊDZí¸ñÖеÄΨһֵ¡£»»ÑÔÖ®£¬ËüÊÇÓÃÀ´¶ÀÒ»ÎÞ¶þµØÈ·ÈÏÒ»¸ö±í¸ñÖеÄÿһÐÐ×ÊÁÏ¡£Ö÷¼ü¿ÉÒÔÊÇÔ±¾×ÊÁÏÄÚµÄÒ»¸öÀ¸Î»£¬»òÊÇÒ»¸öÈËÔìÀ¸Î» (ÓëÔ±¾×ÊÁÏûÓйØÏµµÄÀ¸Î»)¡£Ö÷¼ü¿ÉÒÔ°üº¬Ò»»ò¶à¸öÀ¸Î»¡£µ±Ö÷¼ü°üº¬¶à¸öÀ¸Î»Ê±£¬³ÆÎª×éºÏ¼ü (Composite Key)¡£
Ö÷¼ü¿ÉÒÔÔÚ½¨ÖÃбí¸ñʱÉ趨 (ÔËÓà CREATE TABLE Óï¾ä)£¬»òÊÇÒԸıäÏÖÓеıí¸ñ¼Ü¹¹·½Ê½É趨 (ÔËÓà ALTER TABLE)¡£
ÒÔϾټ¸¸öÔÚ½¨ÖÃбí¸ñʱÉ趨Ö÷¼üµÄ·½Ê½£º
MySQL:
CREATE TABLE Customer
(SID integer,
Last_Name varchar(30),
First_Name varchar(30),
PRIMARY KEY (SID));
Oracle:
CREATE TABLE Customer
(SID integer PRIMARY KEY,
Last_Name varchar(30),
First_Name varchar(30));
SQL Server:
CREATE TABLE Customer
(SID integer PRIMARY KEY,
Last_Name varchar(30),
First_Name varchar(30));
ÒÔÏÂÔòÊÇÒԸıäÏÖÓбí¸ñ¼Ü¹¹À´É趨Ö÷¼üµÄ·½Ê½£º
MySQL:
ALTER TABLE Customer ADD PRIMARY KEY (SID);
Oracle:
ALTER TABLE Customer ADD PRIMARY KEY (SID);
SQL Server:
ALTER TABLE Customer ADD PRIMARY KEY (SID);
Çë×¢Ò⣬ÔÚÓÃALTER TABLEÓï¾äÀ´Ìí¼ÓÖ÷¼ü֮ǰ£¬ÎÒÃÇÐèҪȷÈϱ»ÓÃÀ´µ±×öÖ÷¼üµÄÀ¸Î»ÊÇÉ趨Ϊ ¡ºNOT NULL¡» £»Ò²¾ÍÊÇ˵£¬ÄǸöÀ¸Î»Ò»¶¨²»ÄÜûÓÐ×ÊÁÏ¡£
Ïà¹ØÎĵµ£º
create PROCEDURE pagelist
@tablename nvarchar(50),
@fieldname nvarchar(50)='*',
@pagesize int output,--ÿҳÏÔʾ¼Ç¼ÌõÊý
@currentpage int output,--µÚ¼¸Ò³
@orderid nvarchar(50),--Ö÷¼üÅÅÐò
@sort int,--ÅÅÐò·½Ê½£¬1±íʾÉýÐò£¬0±íʾ½µÐòÅÅÁÐ
......
LIKE ÊÇÁíÒ»¸öÔÚ WHERE ×Ó¾äÖлáÓõ½µÄÖ¸Áî¡£»ù±¾ÉÏ£¬LIKE ÄÜÈÃÎÒÃÇÒÀ¾ÝÒ»¸öÌ×ʽ (pattern) À´ÕÒ³öÎÒÃÇÒªµÄ×ÊÁÏ¡£Ïà¶ÔÀ´Ëµ£¬ÔÚÔËÓà IN µÄʱºò£¬ÎÒÃÇÍêÈ«µØÖªµÀÎÒÃÇÐèÒªµÄÌõ¼þ£»ÔÚÔËÓà BETWEEN µÄʱºò£¬ÎÒÃÇÔòÊÇÁгöÒ»¸ö·¶Î§¡£ LIKE µÄÓï·¨ÈçÏ£º
SELECT "À¸Î»Ãû"
from "±í¸ñÃû"
WHERE "À¸Î»Ãû" LIKE {Ì×ʽ}
{Ì×ʽ} ......
ÔÚÉÏÒ»Ò³ÓÐÌáµ½£¬COUNT ÊǺ¯ÊýÖ®Ò»¡£ÓÉÓÚËüµÄʹÓù㷺£¬ÎÒÃÇÔÚÕâÀïÌØ±ðÌá³öÀ´ÌÖÂÛ¡£»ù±¾ÉÏ£¬COUNT ÈÃÎÒÃÇÄܹ»Êý³öÔÚ±í¸ñÖÐÓжàÉÙ±Ê×ÊÁϱ»Ñ¡³öÀ´¡£ËüµÄÓï·¨ÊÇ£º
SELECT COUNT("À¸Î»Ãû")
from "±í¸ñÃû"
¾ÙÀýÀ´Ëµ£¬ÈôÎÒÃÇÒªÕÒ³öÎÒÃǵÄʾ·¶±í¸ñÖÐÓм¸±Ê store_name À¸²»Êǿհ׵Ä×ÊÁÏʱ£¬
Store_Information ±í¸ñ
store ......
±í¸ñÊÇÊý¾Ý¿âÖд¢´æ×ÊÁϵĻù±¾¼Ü¹¹¡£ÔÚ¾ø´ó²¿·ÝµÄÇé¿öÏ£¬Êý¾Ý¿â³§É̲»¿ÉÄÜÖªµÀÄúÐèÒªÈçºÎ´¢´æÄúµÄ×ÊÁÏ£¬ËùÒÔͨ³£Äú»áÐèÒª×Ô¼ºÔÚÊý¾Ý¿âÖн¨Á¢±í¸ñ¡£ËäÈ»Ðí¶àÊý¾Ý¿â¹¤¾ß¿ÉÒÔÈÃÄúÔÚ²»ÐèÓõ½ SQL µÄÇé¿öϽ¨Á¢±í¸ñ£¬²»¹ýÓÉÓÚ±í¸ñÊÇÒ»¸ö×î»ù±¾µÄ¼Ü¹¹£¬ÎÒÃǾö¶¨°üÀ¨ CREATE TABLE µÄÓï·¨ÔÚÕâ¸öÍøÕ¾ÖС£
ÔÚÎÒÃÇÌøÈë CREATE TABL ......
Ë÷Òý (Index) ¿ÉÒÔ°ïÖúÎÒÃÇ´Ó±í¸ñÖпìËÙµØÕÒµ½ÐèÒªµÄ×ÊÁÏ¡£¾ÙÀýÀ´Ëµ£¬¼ÙÉèÎÒÃÇÒªÔÚÒ»±¾Ô°ÒÕÊéÖÐÕÒÈçºÎÖÖÖ²ÇཷµÄѶϢ¡£ÈôÕâ±¾ÊéûÓÐË÷ÒýµÄ»°£¬ÄÇÎÒÃÇÊDZØÐëÒª´ÓÍ·¿ªÊ¼¶Á£¬Ö±µ½ÎÒÃÇÕÒµ½ÓйØÖÖÖ±ÇཷµÄµØ·½ÎªÖ¹¡£ÈôÕâ±¾ÊéÓÐË÷ÒýµÄ»°£¬ÎÒÃǾͿÉÒÔÏÈÈ¥Ë÷ÒýÕÒ³öÖÖÖ²ÇཷµÄ×ÊѶÊÇÔÚÄÄÒ»Ò³£¬È»ºóÖ±½Óµ½ÄÇһҳȥÔĶÁ¡£ºÜÃ÷ÏԵأ¬ÔËÓ ......