´ÓSQLÓïÑԵķÖÀà̸COMMITºÍROLLBACKµÄÓ÷¨
´Ó¹¦ÄÜÉÏ»®·Ö£¬SQLÓïÑÔ¿ÉÒÔ·ÖΪDDL,DMLºÍDCLÈý´óÀà¡£
1. DDL£¨Data Definition Language£©
Êý¾Ý¶¨ÒåÓïÑÔ£¬ÓÃÓÚ¶¨ÒåºÍ¹ÜÀí SQL Êý¾Ý¿âÖеÄËùÓжÔÏóµÄÓïÑÔ £»
CREATE---´´½¨±í
ALTER---Ð޸ıí
DROP---ɾ³ý±í
2. DML£¨Data Manipulation Language£©
Êý¾Ý²Ù×ÝÓïÑÔ£¬SQLÖд¦ÀíÊý¾ÝµÈ²Ù×÷ͳ³ÆÎªÊý¾Ý²Ù×ÝÓïÑÔ £»
INSERT---Êý¾ÝµÄ²åÈë
DELETE---Êý¾ÝµÄɾ³ý
UPDATE---Êý¾ÝµÄÐÞ¸Ä
SELECT---Êý¾ÝµÄ²éѯ
DCL£¨Data Control Language£©
Êý¾Ý¿ØÖÆÓïÑÔ£¬ÓÃÀ´ÊÚÓè»ò»ØÊÕ·ÃÎÊÊý¾Ý¿âµÄijÖÖÌØÈ¨£¬²¢¿ØÖÆÊý¾Ý¿â²Ù×ÝÊÂÎñ·¢ÉúµÄʱ¼ä¼°Ð§¹û£¬¶ÔÊý¾Ý¿âʵÐмàÊӵȣ»
GRANT---ÊÚȨ¡£
ROLLBACK---»Ø¹ö
COMMIT---Ìá½»¡£
Ìá½»Êý¾ÝÓÐÈýÖÖÀàÐÍ£ºÏÔʽÌá½»¡¢ÒþʽÌá½»¼°×Ô¶¯Ìá½»¡£ÏÂÃæ·Ö±ð˵Ã÷ÕâÈýÖÖÀàÐÍ¡£
(1) ÏÔʽÌá½»
ÓÃCOMMITÃüÁîÖ±½ÓÍê³ÉµÄÌύΪÏÔʽÌá½»¡£
(2) ÒþʽÌá½»
ÓÃSQLÃüÁî¼ä½ÓÍê³ÉµÄÌύΪÒþʽÌá½»¡£ÕâЩÃüÁîÊÇ£º
ALTER£¬AUDIT£¬COMMENT£¬CONNECT£¬CREATE£¬DISCONNECT£¬DROP£¬
EXIT£¬GRANT£¬NOAUDIT£¬QUIT£¬REVOKE£¬RENAME¡£
(3) ×Ô¶¯Ìá½»
Èô°ÑAUTOCOMMITÉèÖÃΪON£¬ÔòÔÚ²åÈë¡¢Ð޸ġ¢É¾³ýÓï¾äÖ´Ðкó£¬
ϵͳ½«×Ô¶¯½øÐÐÌá½»£¬Õâ¾ÍÊÇ×Ô¶¯Ìá½»¡£Æä¸ñʽΪ£º SQL>SET AUTOCOMMIT ON£»
COMMIT / ROLLBACKÕâÁ½¸öÃüÁîÓõÄʱºòҪСÐÄ¡£ COMMIT / ROLLBACK ¶¼ÊÇÓÃÔÚÖ´ÐÐ DMLÓï¾ä£¨INSERT / DELETE / UPDATE / SELECT £©Ö®ºóµÄ¡£DML Óï¾ä£¬Ö´ÐÐÍêÖ®ºó£¬´¦ÀíµÄÊý¾Ý£¬¶¼»á·ÅÔڻعö¶ÎÖУ¨³ýÁË SELECT Óï¾ä£©£¬µÈ´ýÓû§½øÐÐÌá½»£¨COMMIT£©»òÕ߻عö £¨ROLLBACK£©£¬µ±Óû§Ö´ÐÐ COMMIT / ROLLBACKºó£¬·ÅÔڻعö¶ÎÖеÄÊý¾Ý¾Í»á±»É¾³ý¡£
£¨SELECT Óï¾äÖ´Ðкó£¬Êý¾Ý¶¼´æÔÚ¹²Ïí³Ø¡£Ìṩ¸øÆäËûÈ˲éѯÏàͬµÄÊý¾Ýʱ£¬Ö±
Ïà¹ØÎĵµ£º
SQLÖÐWHERE×Ó¾äÖпÉÒÔÀûÓÃLIKEÀ´Æ¥ÅäÏàËÆµÄÊý¾ÝÏµ±Ê±Îҵõ½µÄ½áÂÛÊÇ¿ÉÒÔʹÓÃ"%"À´Æ¥Åä×Ö·û´®£¬ÔÚSPUFIÖÐʹÓ㬵ÄÈ·¿ÉÒԵõ½×Ö·û´®Æ¥ÅäµÄЧ¹û¡£È磺
SELECT * from TEST
WHERE TESTID LIKE "CZX%";
ÉÏÃæÕâ¾äÔÚSPUFIÖÐÌ ......
RDBMS
·½ÑÔ
DB2
org.hibernate.dialect.DB2Dialect
DB2 AS/400
org.hibernate.dialect.DB2400Dialect
DB2 OS390
org.hibernate.dialect.DB2390Dialect
PostgreSQL
org.hib ......
USE master
GO
DECLARE @dbname sysname
SET @dbname='TEST' --Õâ¸öÊÇҪɾ³ýµÄÊý¾Ý¿â¿âÃû
DECLARE @s NVARCHAR(1000)
DECLARE tb CURSOR local FOR
SELECT s='KILL '+CAST(spid AS NVARCHAR)&nbs ......
ºǫ́Êý¾Ý¿â£º
[Microsoft Access]
Óë
[Microsoft Sql Server]
¸ü»»Ö®ºó£¬ASP´úÂëӦעÒâÒªÐ޸ĵÄһЩµØ·½£º
[Ò»]Á¬½ÓÎÊÌ⣨¾ÙÀý)
[Microsoft Access]
constr = "DBQ=c:\data\clwz.mdb; DRIVER={Microsoft Access Driver (*.mdb)}"
[Microsoft Sql Server]
constr = "DRIVER={SQL Server};SERVER=host;DATA ......
/*sqlÖØ¸´Êý¾Ý´¦Àí£¬ÓÐΨһID£¬formidÓÐÖØ¸´*/
/*²é³öÖØ¸´µÄfromid*/
select formid from GaiaSaver_BUG group by formid having count(*)>1
/*ɾ³ýÖØ¸´formid£¬Ö»ÁôÒ»Ìõ*/
delete from GaiaSaver_BUG where ID not in
(select min(ID) as ID from GaiaSaver_BUG group by for ......