SQL Server
Êý¾ÝÀàÐÍ
ÔÚ Microsoft SQL ServerÖУ¬Ã¿¸öÁС¢¾Ö²¿±äÁ¿¡¢±í´ïʽºÍ²ÎÊý¶¼ÓÐÒ»¸öÏà¹ØµÄÊý¾ÝÀàÐÍ£¬ÕâÊÇÖ¸¶¨¶ÔÏó¿É³ÖÓеÄÊý¾ÝÀàÐÍ£¨ÕûÐÍ¡¢×Ö·û¡¢money µÈµÈ£©µÄÌØÐÔ¡£SQL Server ÌṩϵͳÊý¾ÝÀàÐͼ¯£¬¶¨ÒåÁË¿ÉÓë SQL Server Ò»ÆðʹÓõÄËùÓÐÊý¾ÝÀàÐÍ¡£ÏÂÃæÁгöϵͳÌṩµÄÊý¾ÝÀàÐͼ¯¡£
¿ÉÒÔ¶¨ÒåÓû§¶¨ÒåµÄÊý¾ÝÀàÐÍ£¬ÆäÊÇϵͳÌṩµÄÊý¾ÝÀàÐ͵ıðÃû¡£ÓйØÓû§¶¨ÒåµÄÊý¾ÝÀàÐ͵ĸü¶àÐÅÏ¢£¬Çë²Î¼û sp_addtype ºÍ´´½¨Óû§¶¨ÒåµÄÊý¾ÝÀàÐÍ¡£
µ±Á½¸ö¾ßÓв»Í¬Êý¾ÝÀàÐÍ¡¢ÅÅÐò¹æÔò¡¢¾«¶È¡¢Ð¡ÊýλÊý»ò³¤¶ÈµÄ±í´ïʽͨ¹ýÔËËã·û½øÐÐ×éºÏʱ£º
ͨ¹ý½«Êý¾ÝÀàÐ͵ÄÓÅÏÈ˳Ðò¹æÔòÓ¦Óõ½ÊäÈë±í´ïʽµÄÊý¾ÝÀàÐÍÀ´È·¶¨ËùµÃÖµµÄÊý¾ÝÀàÐÍ¡£Óйظü¶àÐÅÏ¢£¬Çë²Î¼ûÊý¾ÝÀàÐ͵ÄÓÅÏÈ˳Ðò¡£
Èç¹û½á¹ûÊý¾ÝÀàÐÍΪ char¡¢varchar¡¢text¡¢nchar¡¢nvarchar »ò ntext£¬Ôò½á¹ûÖµµÄÅÅÐò¹æÔòÓÉÅÅÐò¹æÔòµÄÓÅÏÈ˳Ðò¹æÔò¾ö¶¨¡£Óйظü¶àÐÅÏ¢£¬Çë²Î¼ûÅÅÐò¹æÔòµÄÓÅÏÈ˳Ðò¡£
½á¹ûµÄ¾«¶È¡¢Ð¡ÊýλÊý¼°³¤¶ÈÈ¡¾öÓÚÊäÈë±í´ïʽµÄ¾«¶È¡¢Ð¡ÊýλÊý¼°³¤¶È¡£Óйظü¶àÐÅÏ¢£¬Çë²Î¼û¾«¶È¡¢Ð¡ÊýλÊýºÍ³¤¶È¡£
SQL Server Ϊ SQL-92 ¼æÈÝÐÔÌṩÁËÊý¾ÝÀàÐÍͬÒå´Ê¡£Óйظü¶àÐÅÏ¢£¬Çë²Î¼ûÊý¾ÝÀàÐÍͬÒå´Ê¡£
¾«È·Êý×Ö
ÕûÊý
bigint
´Ó -2^63 (-9223372036854775808) µ½ 2^63-1 (9223372036854775807) µÄÕûÐÍÊý¾Ý£¨ËùÓÐÊý×Ö£©¡£
int
´Ó -2^31 (-2,147,483,648) µ½ 2^31 - 1 (2,147,483,647) µÄÕûÐÍÊý¾Ý£¨ËùÓÐÊý×Ö£©¡£
smallint
´Ó -2^15 (-32,768) µ½ 2^15 - 1 (32,767) µÄÕûÊýÊý¾Ý¡£
tinyint
´Ó 0 µ½ 255 µÄÕûÊýÊý¾Ý¡£
bit
bit
1 »ò 0 µÄÕûÊýÊý¾Ý¡£
decimal ºÍ numeric
decimal
´Ó -10^38 +1 µ½ 10^38 –1 µÄ¹Ì¶¨¾«¶ÈºÍСÊýλµÄÊý×ÖÊý¾Ý¡£
numeric
¹¦ÄÜÉϵÈͬÓÚ decimal¡£
money ºÍ smallmoney
money
»õ±ÒÊý¾ÝÖµ½éÓÚ -2^63 (-922,337,203,685,477.5808) Óë 2^63 - 1 (+922,337,203,685,477.5807) Ö®¼ä£¬¾«È·µ½»õ±Òµ¥Î»µÄǧ·Ö֮ʮ¡£
smallmoney
»õ±ÒÊý¾ÝÖµ½éÓÚ -214,748.3648 Óë +214,748.3647 Ö®¼ä£¬¾«È·µ½»õ±Òµ¥Î»µÄǧ·Ö֮ʮ¡£
½üËÆÊý×Ö
float
´Ó -1.79E + 308 µ½ 1.79E + 308 µÄ¸¡µã¾«¶ÈÊý×Ö¡£
real
´Ó -3.40E + 38 µ½ 3.40E + 38 µÄ¸¡µã¾«¶ÈÊý×Ö¡£
datetime ºÍ smalldatetime
datetime
´Ó 1753 Äê 1 Ô 1 ÈÕµ½ 9999 Äê 12 Ô 31 ÈÕµÄÈÕÆÚºÍʱ¼äÊý¾Ý£¬¾«È·µ½°Ù·ÖÖ®ÈýÃ루»ò 3.33 ºÁÃ룩¡£
smalldatetime
´Ó 1900 Äê 1 Ô 1 ÈÕµ½ 2079 Äê 6 Ô 6 ÈÕµÄÈÕÆÚºÍʱ¼äÊý¾Ý£¬¾«È·µ½·ÖÖÓ¡£
×Ö·
Ïà¹ØÎĵµ£º
7¡¢¶ÔÏóÀàÐͼ̳Ð
¶ÔÏóÀàÐÍʵÏÖÔÊÐíÎÒÃÇ´´½¨Ò»¸ö»ùÀàÐÍ£¬»ò½Ð¸¸ÀàÐÍ£¬ÕâÖÖÀàÐ͵ÄÊôÐÔ»ò·½·¨¿ÉÒÔ±»ÁíÒ»¸ö¶ÔÏóÀàÐͼ̳С£È»ºó¿ÉÒÔ´´½¨Ò»¸ö×ÓÀàÐÍ£¬»ò½Ðº¢×ÓÀàÐÍ£¬Ö±½ÓʹÓü̳йýÀ´µÄÊôÐÔ»ò·½·¨£¬»òÕßÓÃ×Ô¼ºµÄÊôÐԺͷ½·¨ÖØÐ´¸¸ÀàÐ͵ÄÊôÐÔ»ò·½·¨¡£
INSTANTIABLE¹Ø¼ü×Ö±íʾÎÒÃÇ¿ÉÒÔ´Ó¸ÃÀàÐÍÖÐʵÀý»¯»òÕß´´½¨¶ÔÏ ......
constraint Example:
1. grammer:
create table [schema.]table
(column datatype [DEFAULT expr]
[column_constraint], ...
[table_constraint] [,......]);
2. example of a column_level constraint:
create table empl ......
GRANT
Name
GRANT -- ¶¨Òå·ÃÎÊȨÏÞ
Synopsis GRANT { { SELECT | INSERT | UPDATE | DELETE | RULE | REFERENCES | TRIGGER }
[,...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
ON [ TABLE ] tablename [, ...]
TO { username | GROUP groupname | PUBLIC } [, ...] [ WI ......
(×¢:outerµÄÒâ˼¾ÍÊÇ"ûÓйØÁªÉϵÄÐÐ"¡£)
1.cross join È«ÍâÁ¬½Ó(µÑ¿¨¶û³Ë»ý)
SELECT A.*, B.* from A FULL OUTER JOIN B ON A.ID = B.ID
2.inner join ÄÚÁ¬½Ó(Ôڵѿ¨¶û³Ë»ýµÄ½á¹û¼¯ÖÐÈ¥µô²»·ûºÏÁ¬½ÓÌõ¼þµÄÐÐ)
SELECT A.* from A INNER JOIN B ON A.ID=B.ID
3.left outer join ×óÍâÁ¬½Ó(ÔÚinner joinµÄ½á¹ ......
ÆÕͨMySQLÔËÐУ¬Êý¾ÝÁ¿ºÍ·ÃÎÊÁ¿²»´óµÄ»°£¬ÊÇ×ã¹»¿ìµÄ£¬µ«Êǵ±Êý¾ÝÁ¿ºÍ·ÃÎÊÁ¿¾çÔöµÄʱºò£¬ÄÇô¾Í»áÃ÷ÏÔ·¢ÏÖMySQLºÜÂý£¬ÉõÖÁdownµô£¬ÄÇô¾ÍÒª¿¼ÂÇÓÅ»¯ÎÒÃǵÄMySQLÁË¡£
ÓÅ»¯ÎÞ·ÇÊÇ´ÓÈý¸ö½Ç¶ÈÈëÊÖ£º
µÚÒ»¸öÊÇ´ÓÓ²¼þ£¬Ôö¼ÓÓ²¼þ£¬Ôö¼Ó·þÎñÆ÷
µÚ¶þ¸ö¾ÍÊǶÔÎÒÃǵÄMySQL·þÎñÆ÷½øÐÐÓÅ»¯£¬Ôö¼Ó»º´æ´óС£¬¿ª¶à¶Ë¿Ú£¬¶Áд·Ö¿ª
µÚÈý¸ö ......